摘要
近年来,能源转型带动电动汽车产业顺势突起,显著提升了动力电池的重要性,并引发主要国家激烈竞争。从产业图景看,中韩日三国在电池制造环节占据绝对优势,日美韩中欧是主要的技术研发者,上游原材料集中在少数发展中国家。就竞逐前景看,由于中国面临美欧国家的限制和壁垒,韩国将在美欧市场扩大优势;在下一代电池研发上,各国并驱争先的竞争态势将延续。动力电池竞逐对国际关系产生较大影响,各国对动力电池的补贴将使竞争加剧;美欧“友岸优先”政策将收窄中国的市场空间与合作方式;韩国将进一步在中美之间倾向美国;基于国内政治和失去竞争优势的担忧,美欧国家也可能放缓汽车电动化转型步伐。
In recent years,energy transformation has driven the rise of EV industry,promoted the importance of EV batteries and triggered fierce competition among major countries.In terms of the industrial base,China,South Korea and Japan have absolute advantages in manufacturing.Japan,the US,South Korea,China and the EU are the main technology developers and raw materials are centralized in a few developing countries.As China faces restrictions and barriers from the US and EU,South Korea will expand its advantages in the markets.Major countries are competing for the lead in the research and development of next-generation batteries.The competition for batteries has a great impact on international relations.Subsidies for batteries will intensify vicious competition,the"friendly shore first"policy of the US and EU continues to narrow China's market space and cooperation methods,South Korea's attitude will be more inclined to the US,based on domestic politics and concerns about losing competitive advantage,the US and EU may also slow down the pace of vehicle electrification.
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“美欧新一轮全球基础设施投资计划对共建“一带一路”影响的比较研究”(项目编号:22CGJ041)的阶段性成果。
