城市轨道交通高架线减振扣件设计及现场应用

Design and Field Application of Vibration Damping Fasteners for Urban Rail Elevated Lines

我国一些城市轨道交通高架线中采用的下锁式双层非线性减振扣件在运营一段时间后会出现钢轨空吊和轨距难以保持等情况,影响列车运行安全。设计一种既能保证列车运营安全,又能适应高架线不同的钢轨纵向阻力要求,且能够达到中等减振效果的减振扣件成为需要研究的一个重要问题。针对城轨高架线设计了一种减振扣件,根据现场使用条件确定扣件的主要技术参数;关键零部件弹性铁垫板采用橡胶硫化技术将带轨底坡的铁垫板和钢套硫化成一体,此结构可实现垂向低刚度并能提供一定的横向刚度,结合有限元分析软件校核铁垫板和硫化橡胶的强度;减振扣件在室内进行钢轨纵向阻力、组装疲劳性能和绝缘性能等一系列扣件组装性能试验,试验结果表明,减振扣件各项性能指标均满足设计要求。在宁波地铁1号线高架段进行试铺和实车测试,现场应用结果表明:试铺的减振扣件服役状态良好,能够满足列车运营和日常养护维修要求;减振扣件各项轨道结构动力学性能指标均满足规范要求,梁面Z振级最大值的插入损失为8.3 dB,梁面分频振级均方根差值为9.8 dB,梁面分频最大振级为72.1 dB,达到中等减振效果。

After a period of operation,the under-locking double-layer nonlinear vibration damping fasteners used in some urban rail transit elevated lines in our country may lead to rail suspension and difficulties in maintaining the gauge,which affects the safety of train operation.Designing a kind of vibration damping fastener,which can not only ensure the safety of train operation,but also adapt to different rail longitudinal resistance requirements of elevated lines and achieve medium vibration damping effect,has become an important problem to be studied.A vibration damping fastener is designed for the urban rail elevated line,and the main technical parameters of the fastener are determined according to the field use conditions.The key component elastic plate adopts rubber vulcanization technology to vulcanize the plate with rail cant and steel sleeve into a whole.This structure can realize vertical low stiffness and provide certain transverse stiffness.The strength of the plate and vulcanized rubber is checked by finite element analysis software.A series of fastener assembly performance tests,such as the rail longitudinal resistance test,assembly fatigue performance test and insulation performance test,are carried out indoor.The test results show that the performance indicators of the vibration damping fastener meet the design requirements.Trial laying and real vehicle tests are carried out on the elevated section of Ningbo Metro Line 1.The field application results show that the trial-paved vibration damping fasteners are in good service and can meet the requirements of train operation and daily maintenance and repair;The dynamic performance indicators of the track structure of the vibration damping fasteners all meet the requirements of the specification.The maximum insertion loss of the Z vibration level of the beam surface is 8.3 dB,and the root mean square difference of the frequency division vibration level of the beam surface is 9.8 dB.The maximum vibration level of frequency division of the beam surface is 72.1 dB,which achieves medium vibration damping effect.