外泌体在胃癌远处转移和耐药性中的研究进展

Research progress of exosomes in distant metastasis and drug resistance of gastric cancer

胃癌(Gastric cancer)是最常见的肿瘤之一,是全球癌症相关死亡的第四大原因。因早期GC缺乏特异性体征,大多数病例确诊时已经是晚期,常伴有浸润和远处转移。化疗虽是胃癌最常用的疗法,但因耐药性的出现,许多患者在化疗后仍会复发,导致预后不良。肿瘤微环境(tumor micro environment,TME)中的外泌体(exosome,EXOs)可参加细胞间通讯在GC远处转移及耐药中发挥着重要作用。目前GC远处转移及耐药性的详细机制尚不清楚,确定参与胃癌远处转移及耐药性的外泌体引发的机制可以帮助我们为胃癌转移及耐药的防治找到更可靠的治疗手段。本文就外泌体在胃癌远处转移及耐药中的作用机制作一综述,旨在为胃癌的诊治及研究提供帮助。

Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common tumors and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.Due to the lack of specific signs in early GC,most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage,often accompanied by infiltration and distant metastasis.Although chemotherapy is the most commonly used treatment for gastric cancer,due to the emergence of drug resistance,many patients will still relapse after chemo-therapy,resulting in poor prognosis.Exosome(EXOs)in the Tumor micro environment(TME)can participate in intercellular communication and play an important role in GC distant metastasis and drug resistance.At present,the detailed mechanism of GC distant metastasis and drug resistance is still unclear.Identifying the exosome-induced mechanism involved in GC distant metastasis and drug resistance can help us find more reliable treatment methods for GC metastasis and drug resistance.This article reviews the mechanism of exosome in GC distant metastasis and drug resistance,in order to provide help for the diagnosis,treatment and research of GC.