新疆南疆绿盲蝽季节性寄主转移规律

Seasonal host transfer patterns of Apolygus lucorum in southern Xinjiang agroecosystem

为了明确南疆地区绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum不同季节的寄主植物种类以及在主要寄主作物上的种群发生动态,本研究在2021年采用扫网法对阿克苏地区农田生态系统中常见的23个科55种植物上的绿盲蝽种群动态进行了周年调查,并于2019年-2021年通过黄板诱捕法系统监测了绿盲蝽种群在当地枣园、棉田的发生情况。绿盲蝽在当地1年发生5代,存在明显的寄主转移现象。绿盲蝽1~2代(5月中旬至7月上旬)主要在枣树Ziziphus jujuba上为害,枣树花期结束2代成虫大量迁出枣园,3~4代(7月上旬至9月中旬)主要在棉田为害,5代(9月上旬至10月中旬)迁回枣园。除为害主要作物枣树、陆地棉Gossypium hirsutum外,1代绿盲蝽的寄主植物有甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis、藜Chenopodium album、欧洲油菜Brassica napus,2~3代的寄主植物有白花草木樨Melilotus albus、黄香草木樨Melilotus officinalis、甘草、藜、欧洲油菜、骆驼刺Alhagi camelorum、萹蓄Polygonum aviculare、苜蓿Medicago sativa等,4~5代的寄主植物包括青蒿Artemisia caruifolia、艾A.argyi、白花草木樨、欧洲油菜、萹蓄等。枣园及棉田绿盲蝽成虫种群消长动态与上述寄主转移规律高度吻合。研究结果为南疆地区果棉生态系统中绿盲蝽的发生测报与科学防治提供重要的科学依据。

In order to clarified the population dynamics of Apolygus lucorum in main host,and their intra-seasonal host plant species in the agricultural landscapes in southern Xinjiang,we conducted an annual investigation of the population dynamics of A.lucorum on 55 plant species in 23 common families in the agriculture ecosystem using the sweep net method in 2021,and monitored the occurrence of A.lucorum adult population in jujube orchards and cotton fields using yellow sticky traps from 2019 to 2021 in the Aksu region.A.lucorum had five generations in the investigation area and exhibited an obvious host transfer phenomenon.The first and second generations(mid-May to early July)mainly hosted on jujube trees,and the second generation adults started to move out of jujube orchards at the end of the flowering period of jujube trees.The third and fourth generations(early July to mid-September)mainly foraged in cotton fields,and the fifth generation(early September to mid-October)moved back to jujube orchards.In addition to jujube and cotton,the host plants of the first generation of A.lucorum include Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Chenopodium album,Brassica napus while the host plants of the second and third generations include Melilotus albus,Melilotus officinalis,G.uralensis,C.album,B.napus,Alhagi camelorum,Polygonum aviculare,Medicago sativa,etc.The host plants of the fourth and fifth generations include Artemisia caruifolia,A.argyi,M.albus,B.napus,P.aviculare,etc.Population dynamics of A.lucorum adults in cotton and jujube fields were consistent with the above findings.The above results provided an important scientific basis for the monitoring and scientific control of A.lucorum in ecological systems dominated with fruit and cotton in southern Xinjiang.