“共有产权”:城中村更新的“再集体化”逻辑与空间治理构想

“COMMON PROPERTY RIGHTS”:LOGIC OF“RE-COLLECTIVIZATION”AND CONCEPTION OF SPATIAL GOVERNANCE IN THE REGENERATION OF URBAN VILLAGES

城中村更新是近年来我国大城市缓解土地资源约束、提升土地利用效率及城市空间质量的重要手段。然而,在城乡土地二元性制约与经济下行压力下,城中村陷入土地利用整体性“低效”与村民依赖寻租行为违建“增收”并存的困局,急需寻求制度创新与突破。分析表明,长沙后湖从“渔村”到“城中村”的演化过程是一种典型的公共域租值竞争过程;地方政府通过“拆而不迁”方式实施了整村产权整合,开展了空间改造、生态修复、产业优化等系统治理,实现了片区发展、债务减压与百姓福祉等多主体共赢。后湖城中村更新通过制度创新,以“产权整合”挖潜空间资源“公共域”为突破,探索了一种基于“共有产权”的城中村“再集体化”共治、共富模式,为当前城中村更新与空间资源高效再配置提供了一种空间治理方案与实现路径。

Urban village regeneration has been an important means in recent years for major Chinese cities to alleviate land resource constraints,promote land use efficiency,and improve the quality of urban space.However,under the constraints of both urban and rural land systems and the pressure of economic downturn,urban villages are trapped in the dilemma of overall“low efficiency”of land use and villagers’increasing their incomes through illegal constructions and rent-seeking behaviors.This situation underscores the pressing need for institutional innovation and breakthroughs.Related analysis demonstrates that the evolution of Houhu area in Changsha from a“fishing village”to an“urban village”is a typical process of public domain rent competition.The local government has realized the integration of village property rights through a“demolition without relocation”approach,and carried out spatial transformation,ecological restoration,industrial optimization,and other governance measures,thus creating for multiple stakeholders mutually beneficial outcomes such as regional development,debt relief,and improved well-being.Through institutional innovation,the regeneration practice of urban village in Houhu area explores the“public domain”of spatial resources by integrating property rights,and develops a cogovernance and co-prosperity mode for urban villages based on“common property rights”and“re-collectivization”,providing a spatial governance strategy and implementation path for current regeneration of urban villages and efficient reallocation of spatial resources.