植物根际促生菌F13的筛选、鉴定及对豆角促生、抗病的效果

Screening and identification of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria F13 and its effect on growth promotion and disease resistance of cowpea

为获得具有药肥双效的多功能植物根际促生菌,从葡萄根际土壤中分离出同时具有溶磷解钾功能的菌株F13。该菌通过形态学观察、生理生化检测和16S rDNA比对,鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)。经平板对峙法测定菌株F13对8种植物病原菌的抑制率为63.26%~81.53%。田间应用中发现,菌株F13发酵液灌根处理对豆角(Vigna unguiculata subsp.sesquipedalis(L.)Verdc.)生长具有显著的促进作用,其中实验组在株高、叶片数、茎粗方面分别高于对照组26.7%、24.4%、11.9%,产量高于对照组39.68%;在植株吸收磷、钾元素方面分别高于对照组11.5%、46.8%;在豆角果实中维生素C、可溶性蛋白含量方面分别高于对照组22.15%、55.55%。此外,菌株F13对豆角白粉病的相对防效达71.92%。因此,菌株F13是一株具有巨大应用潜力的药肥双效植物根际促生菌。

In order to obtain a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria with dual effects of medicine and fertilizer,abacteria strain,named as F13,which has the function of dissolving phosphorus and potassium,was isolated from the grape rhizosphere soil.The bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by morphological observation,physiology and biochemistry and 16S rDNA identification.The plate confrontation method determined that the fermentation broth of strain F13 had an antagonistic effect on 8 kinds of plant pathogens,and the antibacterial rate was between 63.26%and 81.53%.In the field application,it was found that the root irrigation of the strain F13 had a significant effect on the growth of cowpea.The experimental group was 26.7%,24.4%,and 11.9%,respectively,higher than that of the control group in terms of plant height,number of leaves,and stem diameter,and the yield increased by 39.68%.Compared with the control group,the experimental group increased phosphorus and potassium by 11.5%and 46.8%,and increased vitamin C and soluble protein content by 22.15%and 55.55%,respectively.In addition,strain F13 had a good control effect on cowpea powdery mildew,and the control efficacy in field reached 71.92%.Therefore,strain F13 is a rhizosphere growth-promoting bacterium with great potential for application of medicine and fertilizer.