新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染住院患者疫苗接种情况与危重型的相关性分析

Analysis of the relationship of COVID-19 vaccination and critical cases of inpatients infected with Omicron variants

目的分析奥密克戎变异株感染住院患者的疫苗接种情况与奥密克戎危重型发生风险的相关性。方法回顾性分析2022年12月1日—2023年1月31日成都市某三甲医院收治的奥密克戎感染患者的临床资料,根据病情及《新型冠状病毒诊疗方案(试行第十版)》把患者分为危重组和非危重组;根据疫苗接种情况,把患者分为未完成接种组、完成接种组、加强接种组。采用多因素Logistic回归分析疫苗接种、入院时的症状体征与危重型发生风险之间的关联。结果最终纳入3603例奥密克戎感染住院患者,危重组730例(20.3%),非危重组2873例(79.7%)。未完成接种组2399人(66.6%)、完成接种组433人(12.0%)、加强接种组771(21.4%)。与未完成接种组相比,完成接种组和加强接种组出现危重型的比例降低,随着年龄增加危重占比增高(P<0.05)。校正年龄、性别、基础疾病后,多因素Logistic分析结果显示完全接种[OR=0.67,95%CI(0.50,0.89)]与增强接种[OR=0.76,95%CI(0.61,0.94)]均与危重型发生风险降低有关。结论按次数接种疫苗、接种加强针均可有效降低奥密克戎感染后危重型发生风险。

Objective To analyze the correlation between the vaccination status of inpatients with Omicron variant infection and the risk of Omicron critical illness.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of patients with Omicron infection admitted to a designated hospital for COVID-19 in Chengdu from December 1,2022 to January 31,2023.Patients were divided into critical group and non-critical group according to their condition and the"COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Program(Tenth Edition)".According to the vaccination status,the patients were divided into incomplete vaccination group,full vaccination group and booster vaccination group.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between vaccination,symptoms and signs at admission,and the risk of critical illness.Results A total of 3603 inpatients with Omicron infection were included,including 730 cases(20.3%)in the critical group and 2873 cases(79.7%)in the non-critical group.There were 2399 people(66.6%)in the incomplete vaccination group,433 people(12%)in the full vaccination group,and 771 people(21.4%)in the booster vaccination group.Compared with the incomplete vaccination group,the proportion of critical illness in the full vaccination group and booster vaccination group was lower,and the critical illness rate increased with age(P<0.05).After adjusting for age,gender,and underlying diseases,the results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that full vaccination(OR=0.67,95%CI 0.50 to 0.89)and booster vaccination(OR=0.76,95%CI 0.61 to 0.94)were significantly associated with a reduced risk of critical illness.Conclusion Full vaccination and booster dose can effectively reduce the risk of critical illness after infection.