古DNA提取技术的优化及其应用简论

A Brief Overview on Optimizing Ancient DNA Extraction Method and Its Application

随着古DNA技术的不断突破与进步,其在动物考古学领域中的应用也日益广泛。通过分析考古遗址出土的动物遗存中提取的古DNA,结合传统考古及动物考古学研究的成果,为我们揭示家养动物的起源、驯化和扩散以及人类与动物共同演进的历程提供了重要的线索。然而,古DNA研究受其样本的年代及遗址所处环境的影响较大。特别是南方地区的酸性土壤环境会严重侵蚀和破坏骨骼结构,这对DNA的保存和提取极为不利。因此,在进行古DNA研究时,我们必须充分考虑环境因素对DNA保存状况的影响,并采用相应的技术手段,最大限度地优化古DNA的提取过程,以确保研究的准确性与可靠性。

The rapidly developing ancient DNA technology is playing an increasingly important role in zooarchaeology.By analyzing ancient DNA extracted from animal remains excavated from archaeological sites combined with archaeological evidence,would help us gain insights into the origin and domestication process of animals,the genetic characteristics of species,as well as the interactions between humans and animals.However,ancient DNA research is greatly affected by the age of the samples and the environment in which the site is located.In particular,the acidic soil environment in southern regions can severely erode and damage bone structure,which is extremely unfavorable to the preservation and extraction of DNA.Therefore,when conducting ancient DNA research,we must fully consider the influence of environmental factors,and optimize the extraction process of ancient DNA to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the research.