长沙水稻主产区土壤肥力现状评价

Evaluation of Current Soil Fertility in Main Rice Producing Areas of Changsha

2023年,从长沙市稻田主产区长沙县、望城区、宁乡市、浏阳市4个县(市、区)的稻田中采集340个土壤样点,测定了土壤pH值、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷与速效钾养分含量。结果表明:(1)长沙水稻主产区的土壤肥力特征差异较大,其中,长沙县、望城区和浏阳市的土壤p H值变异系数最小,属于小变异;4个县(市、区)的有机质、全氮和碱解氮属于中等变异;4个县(市、区)的土壤有效磷及长沙县、浏阳市和宁乡市的速效钾变异系数较大,属于高度变异。(2)4个县(市、区)土壤pH值以二级与三级为主,存在土壤酸化问题。(3)土壤有机质、全氮与碱解氮含量较丰富,有效磷含量一般,速效钾含量普遍偏低。综之,研究区土壤酸化问题依然存在,需进一步调控酸碱度。

In 2023,340 soil samples were collected from paddy fields in four counties(cities and districts) in the main rice producing areas of Changsha City,including Changsha County,Wangcheng District,Ningxiang City,and Liuyang City,and the nutrient contents of soil pH value,organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and rapidly available potassium were determined.The results are as follows.(1) The characteristics of soil fertility in the main rice producing areas of Changsha are different.The variation coefficient of soil pH value in Changsha County,Wangcheng District,and Liuyang City is the smallest,indicating a small variation.The organic matter,total nitrogen,and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the four counties(cities and districts)belong to moderate variation.The variation coefficient of soil available phosphorus in the four counties(cities and districts),as well as that of rapidly available potassium in Changsha County,Liuyang City,and Ningxiang City are large,which belong to high variation.(2) Soil pH value in the four counties(cities and districts) is mainly secondary and tertiary,and there are soil acidification problems.(3) The content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen is rich,while the content of available phosphorus is general,and the content of rapidly available potassium is generally low.In general,the problem of soil acidification still exists in the study area,and the pH should be further regulated.