象思维在中医治疗脑病中的应用

Application of Image Thinking in Treatment of Brain Diseases withTraditional Chinese Medicine

在象思维的指导下,以自然法象、天地应象、神明之象认识脑的生理,描述脑沟壑纵横、错综复杂的结构,认为脑具有主持生命活动、支配精神意识、语言和感觉运动的功能。以天之六气、地之五行、邪正盛衰认识脑的病理,风邪犯脑、寒中于脑、暑扰神明、湿蒙清窍、燥邪伤神及火扰神昏是脑病外感因素中的主要原因。内伤因素中七情、饮食、劳逸等均可影响脏腑功能,产生瘀血、痰凝等病理产物而致脑病。以四诊之象辨病辨证,取象立意指导中医脑病治疗,法象药理规范临床用药。通过望闻问切四诊获得色象、味象、声音之象、舌象、脉象等,判断内部脏腑气血的情况;将中药的形状、气味、颜色、生长环境及属性与天地自然之象相通,解释药物某种特性和功效。取象比类、见微知著、司外揣内等方法是中医辨病辨证体系中的核心,象思维可以更好地阐释脑的生理和病理,丰富脑病的诊断和防治理论。

Under the guidance of image thinking,understanding the physiology of the brain through natural phenomena,Heaven and Earth phenomena as well as divine phenomena:describing the complex and intricate structure of brain grooves.It is believed that the brain has the function of hosting life activities,controlling mental consciousness,language,and sensory movements.Understanding the pathology of the brain based on the Six Qi of the Heaven,the Five Elements of the Earth as well as the rise and fall of Zheng Qi and pathogenic factors:Wind Evil invading the brain,Cold affecting the brain,Heat disturbing the mind,Dampness obstructing the clear orifices,Dryness Evil damaging the mind,and Fire disturbing the mind are the main external factors of brain disease.Among the internal injury factors,factors such as emotions,diet,and fatigue can all affect the function of the organs,producing pathological products such as blood stasis and Phlegm coagulation,leading to brain disease.Differentiating diseases and syndromes are based on the four diagnostic methods.Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of brain diseases is guided by image thinking in illustration,and standardize clinical medication is established by image imitation.By observing,smelling,inquiring,and examining the four diagnostic methods,one can obtain images of color,taste,sound,tongue,and pulse to determine the condition of internal organs as well as the condition of Qi and blood.By connecting the shape,odor,color,growth environment and properties of traditional Chinese medicine with the natural phenomena of Heaven and Earth,certain characteristics and effects of the medicine are explained.The core of the traditional Chinese medicine system for distinguishing diseases and syndromes is to use methods such as comparing image to establish category,understanding the problem by observing the subtle as well as getting to know the internal by observing the outside.Image thinking can better explain the physiology and pathology of the brain,enrich the theory of diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases.