电针调控小胶质细胞极化对脑卒中肢体痉挛大鼠的影响

Effects of Electroacupuncture Regulating the Polarization of Microglia on Post-Stroke Spasticity in Rats

目的观察电针对脑卒中肢体痉挛(PSS)大鼠的影响及小胶质细胞极化介导的神经炎症与大脑皮层神经递质谷氨酸(Glu)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的关系,研究其缓解PSS的可能机制。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、电针组,每组10只。采用线栓法联合内囊注射N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体制备PSS大鼠模型。电针组选取“曲池”“阳陵泉”电针,30 min/d,连续7 d。模型组与假手术组进行同期固定,不予干预。对大鼠进行Zea Longa神经功能评分、改良Ashworth肌张力评分、电生理检测,试剂盒检测缺血侧皮质GABA、Glu、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量,Western blot检测缺血侧皮质γ-氨基丁酸A受体α1(GABRA1)、谷氨酸脱羧酶67(GAD67)蛋白表达,免疫荧光染色检测缺血侧皮质离子化钙结合适配分子1(Iba-1)与诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、精氨酸酶-1(Arg-1)共表达情况。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠神经功能评分、肌张力评分均显著升高(P<0.01),肌张力显著增加(P<0.01);缺血侧皮质GABA、IL-10含量显著减少(P<0.01),TNF-α、Glu含量显著增加(P<0.01),Glu/GABA比值增加(P<0.01),GABRA1、GAD67蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01),Iba-1与iNOS共表达显著增强(P<0.01),Iba-1与Arg-1共表达显著减弱(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,电针组大鼠神经功能评分、肌张力评分均显著降低(P<0.05),肌张力显著减小(P<0.01);缺血侧皮质GABA、IL-10含量显著增加(P<0.01),TNF-α、Glu含量显著减少(P<0.01),Glu/GABA比值减少(P<0.01),GABRA1、GAD67蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01),Iba-1和iNOS共表达显著减弱(P<0.01),Iba-1与Arg-1共表达显著增强(P<0.05)。结论电针能有效缓解PSS,其作用机制可能与调控小胶质细胞极化、减轻神经炎症有关。

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on post-stroke spasticity(PSS)rats and the relationship between microglia polarization-mediated neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter glutamate(Glu)andγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in cerebral cortex;To investigate the possible mechanism of electroacupuncture to relieve PSS.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model group and electroacupuncture group,with 10 rats in each group.A rat model of PSS was prepared using suture method combined with internal capsule injection of NMDA receptor.The electroacupuncture group selected“Quchi”and“Yanglingquan”electroacupuncture for 30 minutes per day,for 7 days,the model group and the sham-operation group were fixed at the same time without intervention.Zea Longa neurological function score and modified Ashworth muscular tone score were evaluated,and electrophysiology was tested;kits were used to GABA,Glu,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-10(IL-10)content in ischemic cortex;Western blot was used to detect the expression of GABRA1 and GAD67 protein in ischemic cortex;The co-expression of ionized calcium-binding protein 1(Iba-1),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and Arg-1 were detected by immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the neurological function score and muscle tone score of the model group rats significantly increased(P<0.01),and muscle tone significantly increased(P<0.01);the contents of GABA and IL-10 in ischemic cortex significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the contents of TNF-αand Glu significantly increased(P<0.01),Glu/GABA ratio increased(P<0.01),GABRA1 and GAD67 protein expression significantly decreased(P<0.01),the co-expression of Iba-1 and iNOS significantly increased(P<0.01),while the co-expression of Iba-1 and Arg-1 was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the nerve function score and muscle tone score of the electroacupuncture group rats were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and muscle tone was significantly reduced(P<0.01);the contents of GABA and IL-10 in ischemic cortex significantly increased(P<0.01),and the contents of TNF-αand Glu significantly decreased(P<0.01),Glu/GABA ratio decreased(P<0.01),the protein expressions of GABRA1 and GAD67 significantly increased(P<0.01),the co-expression of Iba-1 and iNOS significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the co-expression of Iba-1 and Arg-1 significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture can effectively alleviate PSS,and its mechanism of action may be related to electroacupuncture regulating microglia polarization and reduing neuroinflammation.