磨损区域静电传感器监测特性建模仿真与试验

Modeling Simulation and Experimental Research on the Monitoring Characteristics of Electrostatic Sensors in Wear⁃site

磨损区域静电传感器是用来对机械系统磨损状态进行在线监测的常见传感器之一。为了实现对其监测性能的分析,依据磨损区域静电传感器的结构特点,通过构建三维仿真模型研究在改变传感器的探极直径和点电荷所处的空间位置时对传感器特性参数和监测性能所产生的影响,同时搭建了齿轮静电监测试验平台,使用多种尺寸规格的磨损区域静电传感器对不同故障下的齿轮进行静电监测,并对采集到的齿轮磨损静电信号进行分析。结果表明:随着探极直径的增大传感器的空间灵敏度也随之增大,即对应传感器监测性能越好。试验测试结果变化趋势与仿真结果变化趋势相一致,验证了所建模型的准确性。研究结果对后续磨损区域静电传感器的结构设计优化及工程应用具有重要的意义。

Wear⁃site electrostatic sensors are one of the common sensors used for online monitoring of the wear status of mechanical systems.In order to realize the analysis of its monitoring performance,this paper constructs a three⁃dimensional simulation model based on the structural characteristics of the wear area electrostatic sensor to study the effects on the sensor characteristics and monitoring performance when changing the diameter of the sensor probe and the spatial location of the point charge.A gear electrostatic monitoring test platform is built to monitor gears faults by electrostatic sensors with various sizes of wear area.The collected gear wear electrostatic signals are analyzed and results show that the spatial sensitivity of the sensor increases as the diameter of the probe increases,i.e.,the better the monitoring performance of the corresponding sensor.The trend of experimental test results is consistent with the trend of simulation results,which verifies the accuracy of the proposed model.The research results are significant to the subsequent design optimization and engineering application of electrostatic sensors in wear⁃site.