白秃马勃菌油化学成分分析与DPPH自由基清除活性研究

Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Mushroom Oil of Calvatia Candida(Schw.)Fr.

为了分析白秃马勃菌油化学成分并评价其1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基(DPPH自由基)清除活性,利用乙醚为萃取剂,通过连续回流渗漉提取法从白秃马勃中得到粗脂肪,粗脂肪经硅胶短柱进一步纯化后得到菌油。运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对白秃马勃菌油的化学成分进行分析,采用体外DPPH自由基清除实验评价菌油的抗氧化活性。结果显示,白秃马勃粗脂肪得率为9.49%,菌油得率为0.28%。经GC-MS分析,白秃马勃菌油中共鉴定出49个化合物,相对含量占总菌油的73.562%,其主要特征化学成分为6种脂肪酸及其酯类衍生物,其中不饱和脂肪酸及其酯类有4个,分别是反亚油酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、顺式-13-十八碳烯酸和亚油酸乙酯,总相对含量为51.06%,饱和脂肪酸及其酯类有2个,分别是棕榈酸乙酯和棕榈酸甲酯,总相对含量为12.55%。自由基清除实验结果表明,菌油具有有效的DPPH自由基清除活性,半数清除浓度(EC50)为26.1362±0.6435 mg/mL。

To analysis the chemical compositions of the mushroom oil of Calvatia candida(Schw.)Fr.and to evaluated its DPPH radical scavenging activity,the crude fat was obtained from Calvatia candida(Schw.)Fr.using the method of continuous reflux extraction with diethyl ether,and the crude fat was further purified by silica gel short column to obtain the mushroom oil.The chemical composition of the mushroom oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the antioxidant activity of the mushroom oil was evaluated by the in vitro DPPH radical scavenging assay.The results showed that the crude fat yield was 9.49%and the mushroom oil yield was 0.28%.By GC-MS analysis,49 compounds were identified in the mushroom oil of Calvatia candida(Schw.)Fr.,the relative content of which was 73.562%of the total mushroom oil.The main characteristic chemical components were 6 fatty acids and their esteroid derivatives,among them,there were 4 unsaturated fatty acids and their esters,methyl linoleate,methyl oleate,cis-13-octadecenoic acid,and ethyl linoleate,with a total relative content of 51.06%,and there were 2 saturated fatty acids and their esters,namely ethyl palmitate and methyl palmitate,with a total relative content of 12.55%.The results of free radical scavenging assay showed that the mushroom oil has effective DPPH radical scavenging activity,with half scavenging concentration(EC50)was 26.1362±0.6435 mg/mL.