国图藏《文选钩玄》编纂方法与价值考论

On Compilation Method and Value of National Library Collection of Wen Xuan Gou Xuan

国家图书馆藏《文选钩玄》一书是明人华文甫摘选《文选》中句式整齐、音韵和谐或引经据典的“佳句”编纂而成。这种依靠摘句为主要手段的文本生成方式,是基于明中后期八股文写作中注重骈偶、韵律的文体特征。而《文选钩玄》摘句作为科举考试句法范例,是该时期考试方向由经部和史部逐渐向集部扩展、时文写作由注重义理阐释到兼备章法辞采的体现。但它对《文选》句子摘而不评,这类以选本形式指导时文写作的范文造成了士子对作文技法单一的关注,不可避免会导致士子思想学风的空疏。该书为明中后期“文选学”风气与科举考试研究提供了一个角度。

The book Wen Xuan Gou Xuan in the collection of the National Library was compiled by Ming Dynasty scholar Hua Wenfu,who selected beautiful sentences from the Wen Xuan that were with neat sentence patterns,harmonious phonology or quotations from classics.This text generation method,which relies on sentence excerpts as the main means,is based on the stylistic characteristics of paying attention to parallel couplets and rhythm in the writing of eight-part essay in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.The sentence excerpts from Wen Xuan Gou Xuan,as the syntax example of the imperial examination,were the embodiment of the gradual expansion of the examination direction in this period from the classics department and the history department to the centralized department,and the focus of contemporary writing from the interpretation of meaning to the combination of rules and diction.However,it did not comment on the sentences in Wen Xuan.This kind of model essays guiding the writing of current articles in the form of anthologies caused scholars to pay attention to the single writing techniques,which inevitably led to the emptiness of scholars’ideology and style of study.The book provides an angle for the study of essay examination for talents and imperial examination in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.