汉中烟区不同株型烤烟品种(系)适宜种植密度研究

Study on Suitable Planting Density of Different Plant Types of Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties(Lines)in Hanzhong Tobacco-growing Area

为探究陕西省汉中烟区不同株型烤烟品种高密度种植的适应性,在汉中市西乡县采用大田试验的方法,以云烟99(紧凑型)、9A05(半紧凑型)和中烟特香301(平展型)3种株型烤烟品种(系)为材料,设置3个种植密度(1.65万、1.95万、2.25万株/hm^(2)),以期找出不同株型品种栽培的最佳高密度。结果表明:云烟99的大田生育期短于9A05、中烟特香301,9A05、中烟特香301的大田生长规律表现一致;3个品种(系)在高密度栽培时的发病率相对较高;不同株型品种(系)和种植密度对烤烟的农艺性状,以及根、茎、叶的鲜(干)重有一定的影响;云烟99的总糖、还原糖、烟碱、钾、氯含量适宜,产量、产值及中上等烟比例最高。综合来看,如果能解决烤烟高密度栽培的病害问题,紧凑型品种云烟99更适合采用高密度栽培,其种植密度可达1.95万~2.25万株/hm^(2);半紧凑型品系9A05的种植密度可达1.65万~1.95万株/hm^(2);平展型品种中烟特香301的适宜种植密度为1.65万株/hm^(2),不适宜高密度栽培。

To explore the high-density planting suitability of the varieties(lines)with different plant types in Hanzhong tobacco-growing area,field experiments were conducted in Xixiang County,Hanzhong City.Three plant types of Yunyan 99(compact),9A05(semi-compact)and zhongyantexiang 301(flat)were used as experimental materials,and three planting densities(16500 plants/hm^(2),19500 plants/hm^(2)and 22500 plants/hm^(2))were set up,in order to identify the appropriate highdensity cultivation for different plant types.The results showed that the growth period of Yunyan 99 in field was shorter than that of 9A05 and Zhongyantexiang 301,and the growth laws of 9A05 and zhongyantexiang 301 were consistent.The incidence of high-density cultivation of the three varieties(lines)was relatively high.Different plant types and planting densities had certain effects on the agronomic traits and fresh and dry weight of roots and leaves.Yunyan 99 was suitable in total sugar,reducing sugar,nicotine,potassium and chlorine.Yunyan 99 had the highest output,output value and proportion of middle and upper smoke.On the whole.If we can solve the problem of diseases in high-density cultivation of tobacco.The compact variety Yunyan 99 is more suitable for high-density cultivation,and the planting density can reach 19500~22500 plants/hm^(2).The planting density of semicompact line 9A05 can reach 16500~19500 plants/hm^(2).The suitable planting density of flattened variety Zhongyantexiang 301 is 16500 plants/hm^(2),which is not suitable for high-density cultivation.