跨越地裂缝民用住宅建设场地土壤氡气分布特征研究

Study on Soil Radon Distribution Characteristics of Residential Construction Sites Across Ground Cracks:Application in Engineering Surveys

在全球经济发展及人类物质生活水平逐渐提高的背景下,政府和公众越发重视环境对人类健康的影响,流行病学研究已证实,环境中氡气对人类的健康产生巨大的危害。在地裂缝附近经常存在氡异常现象,为保证公众健康,利用国产FD216环境氡测量仪对跨越地裂缝的西安某建设小区进行土壤氡气测量。结果表明:研究区地裂缝破碎带及附近土壤氡浓度值存在明显波动现象,地裂缝带处土壤氡浓度相对略低,向两侧波动较大;建设场地周边仍有局部高异常区,应在地裂缝附近建设中,采取合理的手段避免土壤氡对工程环境的影响;地裂缝是良好的氡气迁移通道,因地表破裂变形,加速了氡气的扩散,造成地裂缝上土壤氡气含量较低、地裂缝周边异常的特征现象。对于跨越地裂缝民用住宅建设场地土壤氡气分布特征研究,不仅为今后在城区内地裂缝附近土壤氡浓度研究工作提供了借鉴和指导意义,同时将极大地推动绿色建筑标准规范及评价标识体系的建立、健全。

In the context of global economic development and the gradual improvement of human material living standards,the government and the public pay more and more attention to the impact of environment on human health.Among them,epidemiological studies have confirmed that radon gas in the environment has a great harm to human health,especially in the vicinity of ground cracks often exist radon anomalies.In order to ensure the health and safety of future residents in a construction community in Xi'an,the domestic FD216 environmental radon measuring instrument is used to measure soil radon gas.The results show that:(1)The soil radon concentration in the fracture zone and its vicinity fluctuates obviously.The soil radon concentration in the fracture zone is relatively low and fluctuates greatly in both sides.(2)There are still local high anomaly areas around the construction site,and reasonable measures should be taken to avoid the impact of soil radon on the project environment during construction near ground cracks.(3)Ground fissures are good channels for radon migration.Due to surface rupture and deformation,radon diffusion is accelerated,resulting in low soil radon content on ground fissures and abnormal characteristics around ground fissures.The research on the distribution characteristics of soil radon gas in residential construction sites spanning ground cracks will not only provide reference and guidance for the future research on soil radon concentration near cracks in urban areas,but also greatly promote the establishment and improvement of green building standards,specifications and evaluation labeling system.