“前卫”的意义与“自我”的限度——论台湾地区“超现实”诗风的身体书写

The Meaning of the Avant-garde and the Limit to Self:on the Body Writing in the Poetic Style of Surrealism in Taiwan

文学的身体与主体性紧密联系。在1950年代后的中国台湾地区,以“身体”来含蓄批判当局是台湾地区现代主义文学的共性。台湾地区的“超现实”诗风受域外的“超现实主义”文艺影响,更展开“前卫”的身体书写:呈现被规训与摧残的军事化身体、伊甸园般的本真身体和嬉皮士般的“颓废”身体。其身体背后忧郁的情感结构,指向解放个体的维度。然而,在冷战文化的影响下,过于沉浸于对自我潜意识与梦幻的书写,造成主体与现实之间的二元对立,也让“超现实”缺失阶级解放、民族解放的总体性视野,存在未能超克现代“自我”的限度。这正是台湾地区“超现实”诗风继承中国内地现代主义诗风时缺失的一环。

The literary body is closely related to subjectivity.In the post-1950s Taiwan Residents region of China,a subtle critique of the authorities by way of body is a commonality of modernism in Taiwan.The poetic style of Taiwan Residents surrealism,influenced by surrealism from overseas,engages in the avant-garde body writing,revealing the disciplined and destroyed militarized body,the authentic body of Eden,and the decadent body of the hippy,the sad emotional structure behind the body directed towards the dimension of liberated individuals.However,under the influence of Cold War culture,writing over-indulged in self-subconsciousness and dreaming creates a binary opposition between the subject and the reality,causing surrealism to miss the vision of class and national liberation as a whole,unable to go beyond the limit to the self.That is the missing link of surrealism in Taiwan in inheriting the poetic style of modernism in China's Mainland.