英国分析法学在美国的传播与发展:从奥斯丁到格雷

The Spread and Development of British Analytical Jurisprudence in the United States:From Austin to Gray

奥斯丁开创的分析法学是法律科学历史上的一个重要学派。在美国,格雷继承了奥斯丁分析法学的方法,开创了极具美国特色的“法官造法”理论。由于缺失天时、地利、人和等因素,奥斯丁的分析法学没能在他有生之年引起英国社会的注意。但这种分析法学的方法,深深根植在了偶而获之的美国学者格雷心中。格雷凭借出色的学术和实务工作,不仅将奥斯丁分析法学的理论本土化为具有美国特色的分析法学理论,而且将这种高度理论化的法律哲学与财产法等部门法的实践结合起来,使得分析法学在美国得以传播并发扬壮大。

Analytical jurisprudence,pioneered by Austin,is an important school of thought in the history of jurisprudence.In the United States,Gray adopted the methods of Austin's analytical jurisprudence and pioneered the theory of“judge-made laws”with American characteristics.Austin's analytical jurisprudence failed to attract the attention of British society during his lifetime because it was not the right time or place.But this approach of analytical jurisprudence was deeply rooted in the mind of Gray,an American scholar who had happened to come across the theory.With outstanding academic and practical work,Gray has not only localized Austin's analytical jurisprudence into a legal theory with distinct American characteristics but also integrated this highly theoretical legal philosophy with the practice of such sectoral laws as the property law.This has enabled the dissemination and flourishing of analytical jurisprudence in the United States.