ChatGPT对数据合规的风险叠加及法律因应

The Impact of ChatGPT on Data Compliance and the Response Strategies

ChatGPT作为人工智能技术的典型应用,凭借大数据支持,为社会生产和生活带来了许多便利。然而其也给数据合规带来了全新的挑战,从而影响了数字经济的规范健康发展。对ChatGPT带来的数据合规风险进行分析可以归纳为五个方面:个人信息泄露风险、不正当竞争风险、违法或虚假信息传播风险、“数据投毒”风险以及商业秘密泄露风险。通过横向比较欧盟、美国和英国对以ChatGPT为代表的深度合成技术的监管经验,有助于我国制定应对ChatGPT数据合规挑战的方案。这一方案至少应包含四个层面:首先,在法律层面上,应坚持采取包容审慎的监管理念;其次,在ChatGPT平台层面上,急需提升自身的合规能力;再者,在行业组织层面上,应积极推动事前合规措施;最后,在ChatGPT用户层面上,需要加强甄别能力。有效应对ChatGPT带来的数据合规风险,加强数字领域的合规,强化平台治理是健全数据治理制度的关键环节。

ChatGPT is a representative application of artificial intelligence technology,which has brought many conveniences to human society's daily life and productivity through the use of big data.However,it has also presented new challenges to data compliance,thereby affecting the standardized and healthy development of the digital economy.By explaining the principles,characteristics,functions,and value of the underlying technology of ChatGPT and analyzing the existence of fabricated phenomena generated by ChatGPT,it is not difficult to see that the risks and challenges posed by ChatGPT to data compliance mainly include five aspects:the risk of personal information leakage,the risk of unfair competition,the risk of illegal or false information dissemination,the risk of“data poisoning”,and the risk of leaking trade secrets.By comparing the regulatory experiences of the European Union and the United States in dealing with deep synthetic technologies represented by ChatGPT from a comparative law perspective,it is beneficial for China to formulate response plans for ChatGPT data compliance.These plans should include at least the following four aspects:from a legal perspective,a policy of inclusive and prudent regulation of ChatGPT-like artificial intelligence technologies should be adopted;at the ChatGPT platform level,self-compliance capabilities need to be improved urgently;at the industry organization level,proactive efforts to promote pre-compliance should be made;at the user level,the ability to identify risks needs to be strengthened.Effectively addressing the data compliance risks brought by ChatGPT and strengthening compliance in the digital domain and platform governance are critical components of a sound data governance system.