庭院式越剧传统戏场音质研究

Acoustics of Traditional Courtyard Theatre of Yue Opera

中国传统戏场与戏曲的发展息息相关,戏场的音质对戏曲演出效果十分重要。该文对绍兴地区三个典型庭院式越剧传统戏场的音质进行了测试,并通过仿真分析了建筑形制对戏场声环境的影响。结果表明:庭院、看楼等主要观演区域的中频EDT值在0.6~0.7s,T30在0.7~0.8s,戏场有较高的强度指数G与明晰度C80;庭院围合面积、方式及两侧看楼高度对戏场音质的影响较明显,亭式舞台台基高度对主要观演区域的影响较小。研究可为越剧传统戏场的建设与保护提供建筑声学方面的参考。

The development of traditional Chinese theaters is closely related to the evolution of traditional opera.The acoustics of the theater play a crucial role in the performance of opera.We conducted acoustic measurements on three typical Yue opera theaters in Shaoxing,China.Furthermore,through simulation analysis,we investigated the impact of architectural forms on the acoustic environment of the theaters.The results indicate that in the unoccupied condition,the mid-frequency EDT values in the main seating areas such as the courtyard and balcony area range from 0.6 to 0.7s,while the T30 values range from 0.7 to 0.8s.The theater exhibits a high strength index and clarity.The area and type of courtyard and height of surrounding buildings significantly affect the acoustic environment of courtyard theaters,while the height of the pavilion stage foundation has a minor impact on the primary areas.This research provides architectural acoustics references for the construction and preservation of traditional Yue opera theaters.