不同树草共生体系下盐城地区桃园土壤改良效果及生态效应初探

Preliminary Study on Soil Improvement Effect and Ecological Effect of Peach Orchard under Different Tree-grass Symbiosis Systems in Yancheng Area

[目的]筛选最适的桃园生草草种,以逐步提升桃园土壤地力,改善桃园生态环境,建设优质生态桃园。[方法]在盐城地区桃园开展以清耕和自然生草为对照,全园人工种植紫花苜蓿、紫云英、毛叶苕子、黑麦草、鼠茅草5种不同草种的田间试验,初步探究不同树草共生体系下桃园土壤的改良效果和产生的生态效应。[结果]桃园生草能有效调节桃根际土壤p H,防控杂草滋生,改善桃园微环境,且不同树草共生体系影响效果不同。在生草的第3年尤以紫云英土壤p H改良效果最明显,但杂草抑制效果不明显,以毛叶苕子生草覆盖率和杂草抑制最优。[结论]该研究为盐城地区优质桃园的建设和生态环境建设提供了科学的理论支撑。

[Objective]The research aimed to screen the most suitable grass species in peach orchard,so as to gradually improve the soil fertility of peach orchard,improve the ecological environment of peach orchard,and build high-quality ecological peach orchard.[Method]A field experiment was carried out in peach orchards in Yancheng area with clear tillage and natural grass as control,and five different grass species of Medicago sativa,Astragalus sinicus,Vicia villosa,Lolium perenne and Vulpia myuros were artificially planted in the whole orchard.The improvement effect and ecological effect of peach orchard soil under different tree-grass symbiosis systems were preliminarily explored.[Result]Grass planting in peach orchard could effectively regulate the pH of peach rhizosphere soil,prevent and control weeds,and improve the microenvironment of peach orchard,and the effects of different tree-grass symbiosis systems were different.In the third year of grass planting,the improvement effect of A.sinicus soil pH was the most obvious,but the weed inhibition effect was not obvious,and the coverage rate of V.villosa and weed inhibition were the best.[Conclusion]This study provided scientific theoretical support for the construction of high-quality peach orchards and ecological environment construction in Yancheng area.