滨海湿地中多溴联苯醚的污染特征及生态风险评价研究进展

Research Progress on Characterization and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Coastal Wetlands

系统梳理了多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)在滨海湿地中的种类和浓度、沉积物中的分布特征、与沉积物理化因子的关系、生态风险评价等方面的研究进展,分析了滨海湿地沉积物和生物体内PBDEs的种类和浓度,总结了PBDEs在滨海湿地中的水平分布与垂向分布规律,阐述了滨海湿地沉积物理化因子对其分布影响,归纳了滨海湿地中PBDEs的生态风险评价方法。后期研究需进一步厘清滨海湿地沉积物和生物体内的PBDEs同系物及富集浓度等问题,加强滨海城市排污口附近区域的PBDEs归趋研究,解析滨海湿地沉积物理化因子(如铁、硫、氮等元素)与PBDEs的关系,探究PBDEs生态风险阈值与评价方法,为滨海湿地污染控制与评价提供技术支撑。

Pollution of coastal wetlands by polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and their impact on the wetlands have attracted increasing attention.Research on PBDEs in coastal wetlands has made great strides in terms of characterizing the pollution characteristics and assessing the ecological risk but a research summary is lacking.In this study,we systematically reviewed relevant research on the types and concentration of PBDEs in coastal wetland sediments and organisms,the horizontal and vertical dis-tribution of wetland PBDEs,the relationship between the distribution of PBDEs and sediment physico-chemical factors,and the ecological risk assessment of PBDEs.To conclude the review,we offer sug-gestions for future research:further clarification of congeners,determination of enrichment ratios of PB-DEs in coastal wetland sediments and organisms,strengthening research on the transport and fate PB-DEs near the sewage outfalls of coastal cities,analyzing the relationship between the physicochemical factors(such as iron,sulfur,nitrogen)of coastal wetlands and PBDEs,and estimating ecological risk thresholds and evaluation methods for PBDEs.Our study provides technical support for pollution con-trol and evaluation of coastal wetlands.