依山挟水——唐华清宫山水格局研究

Mountains,Gardens,Palaces,Cities,and Rivers:A Study of the Pattern of Mountains and Rivers of Huaqing Palace in Tang Dynasty

通过梳理唐都长安周边宏观层面上大山大水的地理形势,论述华清宫在京畿山水格局中的地位,辅以同时期山水画、壁画等反映出的山水格局,结合华清宫及昭应城舆图、地理志等探析其审美特征。利用ArcGIS与Global Mapper等软件,提取DEM高程图中的地理信息数据,绘制相应图形论证华清宫与周边山水的相互关系,探明华清宫山水格局下的政治内涵。利用文献考古结合地理信息数据的景观考古研究方法有助于补充华清宫研究中文字记录的缺失,证明设计思想与自然环境的相互契合,并将其山水格局总结为“山-苑-宫-城-水”一体的“依山挟水”的空间模式。

This paper integrates macro-level considerations of the geographical features surrounding Chang’an,the Tang capital,to examine the role of Huaqing Palace within the capital’s landscape pattern.The paper delves into the vibrant landscape patterns depicted in the contemporary landscape paintings and murals,analyzing Huaqing Palace’s aesthetic characteristics by drawing insights from paintings of the palace,Zhaoying City maps and historical records.Utilizing ArcGIS,Global Mapper and other software,it extracts geographic information data from DEM elevation maps to visually represent the relationship between Huaqing Palace and its surrounding landscapes of mountains and rivers,seeking to unveil the nuanced landscape design of Huaqing Palace.Furthermore,employing a landscape archeology research method in combination with documentary archaeology with geographic information data,the approach is instrumental in addressing gaps in written records to prove the accordance of the design of the Huaqing Palace to the natural environment,summarizing as a spatial pattern of“mountains-gardens-palaces-cities-rivers”.