机械活化煤矸石制备硅肥试验研究

Experimental Study on Preparation of Silicon Fertilizer from Mechanically Activated Coal Gangue

为提高煤矸石中有效硅含量,采用机械活化处理煤矸石,探究不同活化条件对煤矸石中有效硅溶出量的影响。结果表明,在球料比为4、磨机频率为30 Hz、干法活化3 h的条件下,煤矸石中有效硅溶出量最高,为3500 mg/kg,是未活化时(292 mg/kg)的11.99倍。对活化前后的煤矸石样品进行扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)表征分析,发现机械活化能够破坏煤矸石中矿物的晶体结构,降低结晶程度,进而提高有效硅的溶出。进一步验证发现,机械活化能够提高煤矸石中白云母、高岭石和蛇纹石矿物的有效硅溶出量。

In order to increase the content of available silicon in coal gangue,mechanical activation(dry activation and wet activation)was used to treat coal gangue.The influence of different activation conditions on the dissolution of available silicon in coal gangue was investigated.The results showed that when the grinding frequency was 30 Hz,ball to material ratio was 4,and dry activation time was 3 h,the available silicon dissolution amount in the coal gangue reached 3500 mg/kg,which was 11.99 times of that in the inactive state(292 mg/kg).SEM,XRD,and FTIR analysis showed that mechanical activation could disrupt the crystal structure of minerals in coal gangue,reduce the crystallinity,and thereby enhancing the dissolution of available silicon.Futher verification showed that mechanical activation could increase the available silicon dissolution of minerals such as muscovite,kaolinite,and serpentine in coal gangue.