某低品位高钙萤石矿浮选试验研究

Experimental Study on Flotation of a Low Grade High Calcium Fluorite Ore

萤石与方解石的有效分离一直是选矿界的难题。某萤石矿中CaF_(2)含量(质量分数,下同)为17.71%,CaCO_(3)含量高达37.04%,S含量为1.98%,属含硫低品位高钙萤石矿,主要矿物为萤石、方解石和云母。矿石中萤石与脉石矿物嵌连关系复杂,针对矿石性质特点开发了先浮硫化矿、再浮萤石同步抑制硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物的浮选工艺,以脂肪酸类CY-1为捕收剂、改性水玻璃和有机高分子CYH作为组合抑制剂,采用“浮硫-浮萤石1粗7精-中矿集中返回”流程,获得CaF_(2)品位为90.81%、回收率为75.25%的萤石精矿,实现了高钙萤石矿中萤石与方解石、云母的有效分离,为该矿石的开发利用提供了技术依据。

The effective separation of fluorite and calcite has always been a difficult problem in mineral processing.The content of CaF_(2),CaCO_(3) and S in a fluorite ore is 17.71%,37.04%and 1.98%respectively,which belongs to a low grade and high calcium fluorite ore containing sulfur.The main minerals in the ore are fluorite,calcite and mica.The interlocking relationship between fluorite and gangue minerals in the ore is complex.According to properties and characteristics of the ore,the flotation process of first floating sulfide minerals and then floating fluorite was developed to simultaneously inhibit silicate and carbonate minerals.With fatty acid CY-1 as collector,modified water glass and organic polymer CYH as combination inhibitors,the fluorite concentrate with CaF_(2) grade of 90.81%and recovery of 75.25%can be obtained by using the process of sulphide flotation,fluorite flotation of one roughing and seven cleanings,and concentrated returning of middlings.The effective separation of fluorite from calcite and mica in high calcium fluorite ore is realized,and the technical basis is provided for the development and utilization of the ore.