粮食功能区视角下农业高质量发展水平及区域差异研究

Research on Agricultural High-Quality Development and Regional Differences from the Perspective of Grain Functional Areas

基于2016—2020年省级农业发展数据,综合运用改进后的熵值法、Dagum基尼系数等方法,测算了全国及粮食功能区农业高质量发展水平及差异程度,并进一步从一级指标入手,分析了引起区域差异产生和波动的原因。结果表明:(1)三大粮食功能区的农业高质量发展水平均保持上升趋势,按水平由大到小依次为“主销区、主产区、平衡区”。(2)三大粮食功能区存在区域差异,区域间的差异是总体差异的主要来源,区域内差异也出现不同程度的变动。(3)主销区内部差异波动与产业升级指标相关,主产区内部差异波动主要受产出高效和产业升级指标影响,平衡区内部差异波动源于产业升级指标中的追赶效应。(4)区域间差异主要源自产业升级指标,成果共享指标也起到部分影响作用,三大区域各具发展短板。因此,为提升我国农业高质量发展均衡性,应坚持“因地制宜”原则,以水平最低的平衡区为发力点,以产业升级指标为抓手,以各区域发展短板为突破,采取更具针对性的发展措施。

Based on the provincial agricultural development data from 2016 to 2020,the improved entropy method,dagum gini coefficient and other methods were comprehensively used to calculate the level of high-quality agricultural development and the degree of difference in the food functional areas.The reasons for the regional differences were analyzed from the first level indicators.The results show that:(1)The agricultural high-quality development level of the three grain functional areas keeped an upward trend,and the order of the level was"main selling area,main producing area and balanced area".(2)There were regional differences among the three grain functional areas,and differences between the three areas were the main source of the overall differences,and the intra-regional differences changed.(3)The fluctuation of intra-regional differences in main selling areas was related to industrial upgrading indicator.The fluctuation of intra-regional differences in main producing areas was mainly affected by output efficiency and industrial upgrading indicators.The fluctuation of intra-regional differences in balanced areas was due to the catch-up effect in industrial upgrading indicator.(4)The differences between the three areas mainly comed from the industrial upgrading indicator,and the achievement sharing indicator also playde a partial role.Each of the three regions had its own development shortcomings.Therefore,in order to improve the balance of agricultural high-quality development in China,we should adhere to the principle of"adapting to local conditions",pay attention to the lowest level as the balanced point and the industrial upgrading index as the starting point,focus on the shortcomings of each region,and take more targeted development measures.