农业生态效率的演变特征与空间收敛——基于黄河流域47个城市的实证

Evolution Characteristics and Spatial Convergence of Agricultural Ecological Efficiency:An Analysis of 47 Cities in the Yellow River Basin

基于2000—2020年黄河流域47个地级市的面板数据,构建黄河流域农业生态效率的投入产出指标体系,运用非期望产出的超效率SBM模型测算各市的农业生态效率,结合GIS空间分析、Moran’s I指数、ML指数等方法分析农业生态效率的演变特征,并进行空间收敛性分析。结果表明:黄河流域农业生态效率水平整体偏低,但正处于由低水平迈向高水平的“爬坡”阶段,其中下游地区的效率增长最快;效率增长的主要来源为技术进步,流域内农业规模化水平仍有较大提升空间;在空间关联格局上,效率的空间依赖性不固定,但空间聚集性总体增强;黄河流域农业生态效率呈现显著的空间收敛特征,且工业化水平、农业经济发展水平、农业机械化密度、财政支农力度、农业市场化程度会促进效率的空间收敛。

Based on the Panel data of 47 cities in the Yellow River basin from 2000 to 2020,this paper constructs the input-output index system of Agricultural Ecological Eficiency(AEE),calculates the AEE using the super efficiency SBM model of unexpected output.It analyzes the evolution characteristics with the methods of GIS spatial analysis,ML index,etc,and conducts spatial convergence analysis.The results show that the level of AEE is on the low side,but it is in the"climbing"stage from the low level to the high level,and the AEE in the lower reaches grows fastest;The main source of AEE growth is technological progress,and there is still much room to improve the level of agricultural scale in the basin;In terms of spatial correlation pattern,the spatial dependence is not fixed,but the spatial aggregation is generally enhanced;The AEE exhibits significant spatial convergence characteristics,and the level of industrialization,agricultural economic development,density of agricultural mechanization,fiscal support for agriculture,and degree of agricultural marketization will promote the spatial convergence of efficiency.