早产儿早期体质量增长速率与矫正月龄12个月时神经发育的关系

Relationship between Early Body Mass Growth Rate and Neurodevelopment at Corrected Monthly Age of 12 Months in Preterm Infants

目的:研究早产儿早期体质量增长速率与矫正月龄12个月时神经发育的关系。方法:回顾性分析2021年3月-2022年3月于临沂市妇幼保健院出生的84例早产儿临床资料,根据出生到矫正月龄40周时的体质量增长速率分为低速率组[<10g/(kg·d),n=36]和高速率组[≥10g/(kg·d),n=48]。比较两组矫正月龄3、6、12个月体格指标、0~6岁小儿神经心理发育量表评分,采用Pearson法分析早期体质量增长率与矫正月龄12个月神经发育情况的相关性。结果:矫正月龄3、6、12个月,高速率组身长、体质量、头围均高于低速率组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组矫正月龄6、12个月发育商、大运动、精细动作、适应能力、语言、社交行为评分均高于矫正月龄3个月,且矫正月龄12个月各项评分高于矫正月龄6个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);矫正月龄6、12个月,高速率组各项评分高于低速率组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。早期体质量增长速率与发育商、大运动、精细动作、适应能力、语言、社交行为评分均呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:早产儿早期体质量增长速率会影响矫正月龄12个月时的体格指标和神经发育,早期体质量增长速率越慢,矫正月龄12个月时神经发育程度越低。

Objective:To study the relationship between early body mass growth rate and neurodevelopment at corrected monthly age of 12 months in preterm infants.Methods:The clinical data of 84 cases of preterm infants born in Linyi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into a low-rate group[<10 g/(kg·d),n=36]and a high-rate group[≥10 g/(kg·d),n=48]according to the rate of growth of body mass from birth to the corrected month age of 40 weeks.The two groups were compared in terms of physical indicators at corrected months of age 3,6,and 12 months,scores on the Pediatric Neuropsychological Development Scale for Children Aged 0-6 Years Old,and the correlation between the growth rate of early body mass and the neurodevelopmental condition at corrected months of age 12 were analyzed by Pearson's method.Results:At corrected months of age 3,6,and 12 months,the length,weight,and head circumference of the high-rate group were higher than those of the low-rate group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Developmental quotient,gross motor,fine motor,adaptive ability,language and social behavior scores were higher in both groups at corrected months of age 6 and 12 months than at corrected months of age 3 months,and the scores of each item were higher in corrected months of age 12 than at corrected months of age 6,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);at 6 and 12 months of corrected age,all scores in the high-rate group were higher than those in the low-rate group,and the difference was statis-tically significant(P<0.001).The rate of growth of early body mass was positively correlated with the scores of developmental quotient,gross motor,fine motor,adaptive ability,language and social behavior,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion:The rate of early body mass growth in preterm infants affects the physical indicators and neurode-velopment at 12 months of corrected age,and the slower the rate of early body mass growth,the less neurodevelopmental the infant is at 12 months of corrected age.