倍数与百分数的正确使用与表达

Correct Usage and Expression of Multiple and Percentage

在生活与工作中常用到倍数和百分数,然而在汉语与英语的相关表述中却很容易出错。针对这一问题,从倍数、百分数的概念入手,通过具体的实例说明二者的正确使用方法,介绍了常用的倍数增减、百分数、百分点的翻译方法。在表述倍数增加时,需注意“增加几倍”和“增加到几倍”的区别,前者强调净增量,后者强调增加后的结果。在表述倍数减少时,应使用分数。倍数增减的译法均有多种,在翻译时要注意汉语与英语表达思维方式的差异与不同。百分数与百分点既有联系又有区别。百分数是将两个指标进行相对程度对比(相除),而百分点是将两个指标进行绝对程度对比(相减)。用百分数翻译倍数减少时,需注意净减数和减少到某个数量的区别,正确使用介词by和to。

Multiple and percentage are often used in daily life and work.However,wrong usages of multiple and percentage are often found in papers written in Chinese or English.To solve this problem,this paper started with the concepts of multiple and percentage,illustrated the correct usage of them through examples,and then introduced the common translation methods of multiple increase and decrease,percentage and percentage point.When expressing an increase in multiple,attention should be paid to the difference between“increase by several times”and“increase to several times”.The former emphasized the net increase,while the latter emphasized the result after increase.When expressing a reduction in multiple,fraction should be applied.There were many ways to translate multiple increase and decrease.Attention should be paid to the differences between Chinese and English ways of thinking in translation.Percentage and percentage point were both related and different.Percentage was to compare the relative degree of two indicators(division),while percentage point was to compare the absolute degree of two indicators(subtraction).When translating multiple decrease by percentage,it was necessary to notice the difference between net reduction and reduction to a certain amount,meanwhile,correctly use the prepositions,such as by and to.