超越西方中心主义:反思罗尔斯的国际正义理论

Beyond Western Centrism:Reflections on Rawls'Theory of International Justice

西方中心主义是实践发展与历史文化结合的产物,该观点强调西方文明的先进性,试图以资本主义文化为标准去衡量和改造各类文化。罗尔斯作为当代最为著名的政治哲学家之一,其有关正义理论的论述对当代政治哲学产生了深远影响。尽管如此,罗尔斯对国际正义理论的论证在话语体系和观点表达上潜在地遵循了西方中心主义的逻辑,在万民社会的划定、万民法的证成以及非理想状况的解决中都始终体现着西方中心主义的立场。因此,罗尔斯的国际正义理论不仅存在着诸多逻辑漏洞,还为西方社会的国际特权与国际霸权提供了辩护。鉴于此,当前的国际正义理论亟需在打破西方中心主义的话语体系的基础上进行重构,结合关系平等、行为判断、动态分析三个维度的内容可以有效增强国际正义理论的可信度与可行性。

Western centrism is the combination of practical development and historical culture.It stresses the advancement of western civilization and attempts to evaluate and transform various cultures based on capitalist culture.As one of the most famous contemporary political philosophers,Rawls has exerted a profound impact on contemporary politics with his elaboration on theory of justice.Nonetheless,Rawls'argumentation potentially follows the logic of Western centrism in his discourse and expression of ideas.His western centrism stance has always been reflected in the delineation of a Society of Peoples,the justification of the Law of Peoples,and the resolution of non-ideal conditions.Therefore,Rawls'theory of international justice not only has many logical loopholes,but also defends the international privilege and hegemony of western society.Therefore,the current theory urgently needs to be reconstructed on the basis of breaking the discourse system of western centrism.Combining the three dimensions of relationship equality,behavioral judgment,and dynamic analysis can effectively enhance the credibility and feasibility of international justice theory.