从太空边疆到废土奇观——美国科幻电影中的西部地理

From Outer Space Frontier to Wasteland Spectacle——The Geography of the West in American Science Fiction Films

西部景观作为表述美国身份的图像志,是一种凝聚着自然的、历史的、社会的交流媒介。西部地理景观作为一种高度象征化的视觉符码,可在另一种叙事空间中被赋予新的内涵。在美国科幻电影中,西部地理景观叙事中蕴含着的拓荒和扩张精神以视觉转喻的方式进入外太空边疆、西部村镇、废土世界等科幻风景中,为观众提供了一种熟悉的文化地理学认同符码,作用于观众的情感体验和文化认同,同时也践行着文化意识形态作用。

The landscape of the west,as an iconography of American identity,is a communicative medium with natural,historical and social features.As a coded visual symbol,it can be endowed with new signification in another narrative space.In American science fictions,as a visual metonymy,the expanding and pioneering spirit inherent in the cinematic landscape narration is transplanted into the science fiction scenario of outer space frontier,the west small towns,and the wasteland landscape.It provides a set of familiar code symbols of cultural geography that can easily evoke the emotional and cultural identification from the audience,thus carrying out a cultural ideological function.