《资本论》中的物性辩证法

Dialectic of Material Properties in Capital

马克思在《资本论》中试图澄清物性与物象的辩证关系,尤其是要把作为商品交换行为结果的使用价值、货币的客观基础与价值的符号象征进行区别。这是因为,只有澄清货币形式所遮掩的物性及其社会关系,才能理解现代资本所塑造的消费主义的价值符号与主体意识之间的关联。同时,马克思辨识和分析了商品流通过程中物性与用具性的环节,勾勒出资本的物质载体从价值、使用价值到消耗的完整线索。马克思的这些努力最终指向了关于物化的工人转变为“局部工人”进而丧失属人的完整主体意识的历史过程的研究,并探究了让陷入碎片化的物性的无产阶级作为自觉的集体重新占有其完整的物质力量与主体意识的革命路径。

In Capital,Marx attempted to clarify the dialectical relationship between the material nature and the representation of things,particularly aiming to differentiate the use value resulting from commodity exchange,the objective basis of money,and the symbolic representation of value.This is because,only by clarifying the materiality and the social relations obscured by the monetary form,can the connection between the value symbols of consumerism shaped by modern capital and subjective consciousness be understood.Moreover,Marx sought to move beyond the purely objective relationship between the subject in a general sense and commodities as tools,aiming to integrate the materiality and utility aspects of commodity circulation,and to delineate the comprehensive trajectory of capital’s material carrier from value and use value to consumption.These efforts of Marx ultimately led to the study of the historical process where objectified workers transform into“partial workers”and consequently lose their complete human subjective consciousness,and explored the revolutionary path for the proletariat,fragmented in its materiality,to reclaim its full material power and subjective consciousness as a conscious collective.