体育高考生术科考试焦虑的潜在类别及影响因素研究

A Study on Latent Class and Influencing Factors of Candidates'Exam Anxiety in Physical Education and Sports College Entrance Examination

目的:探索体育高考生术科考试焦虑的类型及影响因素。方法:以2022年江西省785位体育高考生为调查对象,采用体育术科考试焦虑量表、成就动机量表和自我效能量表进行测量,用潜在类别模型对体育高考术科考试焦虑进行潜在类别探索,用无序多元logistic回归模型分析其影响因素。结果:①《体育高考术科考试焦虑量表》有良好的信效度,可用于体育高考生的专业考试焦虑测量。②体育高考生术科考试焦虑可分三个潜在类别,分别是认知状态焦虑组(11.3%)、躯体和状态自信焦虑组(51.2%)和高焦虑水平组(37.5%);③女生、城市考生和高自我效能者更可能进入认知状态焦虑组,成就动机对高焦虑水平组有显著的预测效应,三组之间复读生的比例没有显著性差异。结论:体育高考生术科考试焦虑有显著的群体异质和个体差异,自我效能、性别和生源地对考生的类别归属有显著影响,高成就动机可缓解高焦虑水平,是否复读对考生的类别归属没有显著影响。

OBJECTIVE:This study aims to investigate the types and influencing factors of physical education exam anxiety in candidates sitting for the physical education college entrance examination(PECEE).METHODS:A survey was conducted on 785 PECEE candidates in Jiangxi Province in 2022.Measurement tools included the Physical Education Exam Anxiety Scale,Achievement Motivation Scale,and Self-Efficacy Scale.Latent class models were utilized to explore potential categories of PE exam anxiety,and unordered multinomial logistic regression models were employed to analyze influencing factors.RESULTS:(1)The Physical Education Exam Anxiety Scale of PECEE exhibited robust reliability and validity,rendering it suitable for assessing professional exam anxiety in PECEE candidates.(2)PE exam anxiety in PECEE candidates manifested three latent classes:cognitive state anxiety group(11.3%),somatic and state confidence anxiety group(51.2%),and high exam anxiety group(37.5%).(3)Females,urban candidates,and individuals with high self-efficacy were more likely to belong to the cognitive state anxiety group.Achievement motivation significantly predicted the high anxiety level group.There was no notable disparity in repeaters'proportions among the three groups.CONCLUSION:Substantial group heterogeneity and individual dfferences exist in PE exam anxiety among PECEE candidates.Self-fficacy gender,and place of origin significantly impact candidate class.High achievement motivation can mitigate high anxiety levels,and repeater status does not significantly influence class.