长期军事体能训练对男性青年学员体成分、骨密度产生的影响研究

The Influence of Prolonged Military Physical Fitness Training on Body Composition and Bone Density in Young Male Cadets

目的:研究长期军事体能训练对男性青年学员体成分、骨密度产生的影响,为日常训练提供依据。方法:选取经过短期训练21学员为对照组,经过长期训练33学员为实验组,采用双能X射线骨密度仪进行体成分检测。结果:实验组整体脂肪质量、全身脂肪百分比、肥胖指数/体重显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而腹臀比、躯干脂肪比/腿部脂肪比、躯干/四肢脂肪质量比不存在差异(P>0.05);整体消瘦质量、消瘦指数,左侧上、下肢消瘦质量比(%)、右侧上、下肢消瘦质量比(%)不具有显著性差异(P>0.05);整体骨密度、年龄匹配Z-评分不具有显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:长期体能训练可显著降低脂肪,但对骨密度影响不大,训练方案中应增加一些成骨训练,以促进骨健康。

OBJECTIVE:This study aims to explore the effects of prolonged military physical fitness training on the body composition and bone density of young male cadets,providing a foundation for everyday training practices.METHODS:Twenty-one cadets undergoing short-term training were selected as the control group,while 33 cadets undergoing long-term training were chosen as the experimental group.Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was employed for body composition analysis.RESULTS:The experimental group exhibited significantly lower overall fat mass,total body fat percentage,and obesity index/body weight compared to the control group(P<0.05).However,no significant differences were observed in waist-hip ratio,trunk fat ratio/leg fat ratio,and trunk/limb fat mass ratio(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in overall lean mass,lean index,left upper/lower limb lean mass ratio(%),and right upper/lower limb lean mass ratio(%)(P>0.05).Overall bone density and age-matched Z-scores showed no significant differences(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Prolonged physical fitness training can significantly reduce fat but has limited impact on bone density.Training programs should include osteogenic exercises to promote bone health.