普通高中学生自主性的发展现状、影响因素及对策建议

The Development Status,Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Students'Autonomy in High Schools

自主发展是学生适应未来发展的必备品格和关键能力,对其社会性发展、健康生活具有深刻影响。对北京市普通高中1048名学生的调研发现:高中生的自主性处于中等发展水平,城区学生的行为自主和整体自主性均高于郊区学生,高自主性发展水平学生在未来职业选择上会更倾向于考虑国家发展需要,学业表现、同伴互助、积极的情绪情感体验、家长支持、学校支持、社区支持等有助于提升学生的自主性水平。基于调查结果,建议从三方面提升学生自主性发展水平:建立以正确价值观为引领的自主性发展学校指导制度、构建整体促进学生自主性发展的学校教学支持体系、健全促进学生自主性发展的家-校-社协同机制。

Students'autonomy development is a necessary character and key ability to adapt to future development,which has a profound impact on social development and healthy life.A survey on 1,048 students in Beijing's ordinary high schools show that the autonomy development of high school students is at the medium level,and the behavioral autonomy and autonomy of urban students are higher than those of suburban students.Students with high autonomy development level are more inclined to consider the needs of national development when choosing their future career.The academic performance,peer assistance,positive emotional experience,parent support,school support and community support are conducive to the development of students'autonomy level.Based on the survey results,we suggest three aspects to improve the level of student autonomy development:establishing a school guidance system guided by correct values,building an overall school teaching support system to promote student autonomy development,and perfecting the home-school-community coordination mechanism to promote students'autonomydevelopment.