空间氢氧燃料电池技术发展现状与趋势分析

Space hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell power system development status and trend analysis

针对空间应用场景下的能源需求,对空间氢氧燃料电池技术现状和发展趋势进行分析,总结国内外在空间氢氧燃料电池发电技术的发展趋势,面向利用液氢液氧推进剂的一次燃料电池以及月面可再生电池应用场景,对多种空间电源技术方案进行对比,发现空间氢氧燃料电池在运载火箭上面级推进剂利用、月面探测能源系统、月球原位资源利用、长时间月面驻留等应用场景具有较高潜力。通过分析空间应用场景下氢氧燃料电池电源系统特点,对未来空间氢氧燃料电池技术发展趋势,空间氢氧燃料电池技术发展方向提出展望。

In response to the energy demand in space applications,the research status and development foreground of space hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell technology was analyzed,and the development trends of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell power generation technology in space were summarized both domestically and internationally.Comparisons were made among various space power technology solutions,focusing on the application scenarios of one-time fuel cells utilizing liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants and regenerative fuel cell on the lunar surface.It was found that space hydrogenoxygen fuel cells had high potential in applications such as upper stage propulsion for launch vehicles,lunar surface exploration energy systems,in-situ lunar resources utilization and long-term lunar surface residence.By analyzing the characteristics of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell power systems in space application scenarios,prospects for the future development trends and directions of space hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell technology were proposed.