2020—2022年河南省≥60岁人群流感疫苗接种现状

Current status of influenza vaccination among persons aged≥60 years in Henan Province,2020-2022

目的了解河南省≥60岁人群流感疫苗接种现状,为制定该人群流感防控策略提供依据。方法利用“河南省免疫规划信息管理”系统收集2020—2022年河南省≥60岁人群流感疫苗接种信息,分析接种率及接种特征。结果2020—2022年河南省≥60岁以上人群流感疫苗接种率为2.77%,接种率不同年份差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15332.398,P<0.001);≥70岁年龄组最低(2.43%),65~<70岁年龄组接种率最高(3.90%),接种率不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=73865.997,P<0.001)。每年接种高峰为9—11月,占80.71%,2020—2022年接种高峰分别为2020年11月、2021年10月、2022年9月。地区分布显示,接种率农村(3.68%)高于城镇(2.08%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.704,P<0.001);各省辖市接种率为0.53%~12.04%,新乡市最高,信阳市最低,接种率不同地区差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1399689.603,P<0.001)。结论河南省≥60岁人群流感疫苗接种率较低,地区间接种分布不均衡,需加强政策宣传等措施,提高疫苗接种认知及接种率,接种应尽量在流感流行季前完成。

Objective To understand the current status of influenza vaccination among persons aged≥60 years in Henan Province,and provide evidence for formulating influenza prevention and control strategy in this population.Methods The information of influenza vaccination among persons aged≥60 years from 2020 to 2022 was collected through the Information Management System of Immunization Planning in Henan Province,and the vaccination rate and characteristics were analyzed.Results From 2020 to 2022,the rate influenza vaccination among persons aged 60 years was 2.77%,and there was a statistically significant difference between different years(χ^(2)=15332.398,P<0.001).The vaccination rate in the group aged≥70 years was lowest(2.43%),and the vaccination rate in the group aged 65-<70 years was highest(3.90%),there was a statistically significant difference in the vaccination rate between different age groups(χ^(2)=73865.997,P<0.001).From September to November,the peak of vaccination was seen every year,accounting for 80.71%.From 2020-2022,the peak occurred in November 2020,October 2021 and September 2022,respectively.The vaccination rate in rural areas(3.68%)was higher than that in urban areas(2.08%),with statistical significance(χ^(2)=18.704,P<0.001).The vaccination rate in the provincially administered cities was between 0.53%and 12.04%.The highest vaccination rate was seen in Xinxiang and the lowest in Xinyang,there were significant differences among different regions(χ^(2)=1399689.603,P<0.001).Conclusions The rate of influenza vaccination among persons aged≥60 years in Henan province is low,and the vaccination distribution is uneven among the regions.It is necessary to strengthen the policy publicity and other measures to improve the vaccination awareness and coverage rate.The vaccination should be done as far as possible before the influenza season.