面向架空输电线路的防外破装置设计

Design of anti-external breakage device for overhead transmission lines

针对传统防外破技术抗干扰能力弱、适配性低、报警效果差以及平板电容型传感器对称结构中存在的边缘效应问题,研制一种适用于多组态与多电压等级架空输电线路的防外破装置。首先,分析感应电压与场强关系,进行等位环结构改进并完成PCB设计制作,利用Ansys Maxwell搭建多组态与多电压等级架空输电线路仿真模型,为报警阈值设定提供理论依据;其次,完成防外破装置的硬件与软件设计,实现不同线路情况下的电压档位选择、电场信号采集处理以及声光报警等功能;最后,搭建10 kV模拟架空输电线路高压实验环境并进行现场验证,测试分析装置的工作性能。结果表明,所设计的防外破装置感应电压测量平均相对误差在3%以内,与测试电压线性相关系数R=0.9997,其变化规律符合电场分布规律;现场报警成功率为100%,装置稳定可靠、兼顾精准性与线性度要求。

In view of the weak anti-interference ability,low adaptability,poor alarm effect and the edge effect in the symmetrical structure of the traditional flat capacitive sensor,an anti-breakage device for multi-configuration and multivoltage level overhead transmission lines is developed.Firstly,this paper analyzes the relationship between induced voltage and field strength,improves the structure of equal potential belt and completes the PCB design,the multiconfiguration and multi-voltage level overhead transmission line simulation model is built by using Ansys Maxwell to provide theoretical basis for alarm threshold setting;secondly,the hardware and software design of the anti-breakage device is completed to realize the functions of voltage level selection,electric field signal acquisition and processing,and sound and light alarm under different line conditions;finally,a 10 kV simulated overhead transmission line high-voltage experimental environment is built and field verification is carried out to test and analyze the working performance of the device.The results show that the average relative error of the anti-breakage device's inductive voltage measurement is within 3%,the linear correlation coefficient with the test voltage is R=0.9997,and it's change law is in accordance with the electric field distribution law;live alarm success rate is 100%,the device is stable and reliable,taking into account the accuracy and linearity requirements.