汽车后门外板腰线二次拉延技术研究应用

Research and application of secondary drawing technology for the waist line of automobile rear door skin

为了解决车身腰线锐利化带来的品质问题,以某车型后门外板为研究对象,文章展开了腰线二次拉延成形仿真以及冲压模具结构优化设计。在设计阶段对产品成形过程进行数值模拟。通过优选冲压方向、腰线二次拉延等方法优化冲压工艺,解决了腰线前端开裂、起皱以及优化了腰线滑移等质量问题。在冲压模具结构设计上,通过增加双导向、垫块和平衡块等方法,实现了模具实物上下型面间隙稳定,避免了由于工装精度不足导致的滑移线等质量问题。最终按照工艺方案用于模具制造,并根据仿真结果指导实物调试,得到了无开裂、起皱以及腰线滑移在基准内的合格零件。研究表明,该后门外板的二次拉延方案可实现锐利化腰线在后门外板上的工业化应用。

In order to solve the quality problem caused by the sharpening of the waist line,taking the rear door outer panel as the research object,the paper develops the simulation of the double drawing of the waist line and the optimization design of the stamping die structure were carried out.In the design stage,the product forming process is numerically simulated.Through optimizing the stamping process by optimizing the stamping direction and the double drawing of the waistline,the quality problems of the front end of the waistline cracking and wrinkling and the slip line were solved.In the structural design of the stamping die,the gap between the upper and lower surfaces of the die is stable by adding double guide,pad block and balance block,etc.,and the quality problems such as slip line caused by insufficient precision of the tooling are avoided.Finally,the process plan was used for mold manufacturing,and simulation results were used to guide physical debugging,resulting in qualified parts without cracking,wrinkling,and waistline slip within the benchmark.Research has shown that the secondary stretching scheme of the rear door outer panel can achieve industrial application of sharp waistline on the rear door outer panel.