机载三维激光扫描技术在公路地形测量中的应用研究

Research on Application of Airborne Three-Dimensional Laser Scan Technology in Highway Terrain Measurement

【目的】随着技术的不断更新发展,传统测量方法已无法满足公路地形测量的需求。三维激光扫描测量技术的应用使数据采集方法、处理方法及服务能力和水平均得到提高,因此,可以将三维激光扫描测量技术应用于公路地形测量中,从而提高测量效率。【方法】对机载三维激光扫描技术在公路地形测量中的数据扫描获取过程及后续数据的预处理、数学建模和绘制地形图中的应用进行研究,并结合平原区G310郑州境改扩建工程、山区沿大别山明港至鸡公山高速公路两个项目,对使用三维激光扫描地形得到的点云数据进行处理与分析,绘制出道路沿线1∶2000带状地形图,并进行检查分析。【结果】试验结果表明,机载三维激光扫描技术在公路地形测量中的应用取得了预期效果。【结论】通过机载三维激光扫描技术点云数据和图像数据获得的DOM、DTM、DLG产品精度满足要求,可直接应用于公路勘测设计。

[Purposes]With the development of technology,the traditional surveying method can not meet the demand of highway topographic survey.The emergence of 3D laser scanning measurement technology has greatly promoted the development of surveying and mapping technology,and the data acquisition method,processing method,service ability and level have been improved,therefore 3D laser scanning measurement technology can be applied to highway topographic survey to improve survey efficiency.[Methods]This paper mainly studies the process of airborne 3D laser scanning technology used in highway topographic survey data scanning acquisition and subsequent data preprocessing,mathematical modeling and topographic map drawing.[Findings]The point cloud data obtained by 3D laser scanning were processed and analyzed in combination with the two representative projects of G310 Zhengzhou-Jingcheng reconstruction and expansion project in plain area and the highway from Minggang to Jigongshan in Dabia Mountain area.The 1∶2000 strip topographic map along the road was drawn and analyzed.It is shown that the airborne 3D laser scanning technology has achieved the expected effect in highway topographic survey.[Conclusions]The accuracy of DOM,DTM and DLG products obtained from airborne 3D laser scanning point cloud data and image data can meet the requirements,and can be directly applied to highway survey and design.