护士工作场所欺凌与自杀风险的关系研究

Relationship between workplace bullying and suicide among nurses

目的 探讨护士工作场所欺凌不同维度及不同类别与自杀风险的关系,为构建针对性干预方案降低自杀风险提供参考。方法 采用方便抽样法从山东省4所三甲医院中选取3 026名护士作为研究对象。采用负性行为问卷-修订版和自杀行为问卷-修订版评估护士的工作场所欺凌情况及自杀风险。结果 护士工作场所欺凌总分为(31.17±14.48)分,自杀总分为(4.16±2.22)分。工作场所欺凌总分及组织不公维度与自杀风险呈正相关(均P<0.05)。共识别出工作场所欺凌的5个类别,即低欺凌组(52.25%)、中欺凌组(9.35%)、高欺凌组(17.02%)、超负荷组(10.67%)和不匹配组(10.71%)。与低欺凌组相比,中欺凌组(OR=6.096)、高欺凌组(OR=5.832)、超负荷组(OR=3.668)和不匹配组(OR=3.391)护士自杀的风险更大。结论 护士遭受的工作场所欺凌存在不同类别,且与自杀风险关系密切,医院管理者应重视护士的工作环境,减少工作场所欺凌。

Objective To explore the relationship between different dimensions and subtypes of workplace bullying and suicide among nurses,so as to construct intervention methods to reduce suicide risk.Methods A total of 3,026 nurses from four tertiary hospitals in Shandong province were recruited by convenience sampling method.The Negative Acts Questionnaire Revised and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire Revised were used to assess the workplace bullying and suicide risk of nurses.Results The total scores of workplace bullying and suicide were(31.17±14.48)points and(4.16±2.22)points,respectively.The total score of workplace bullying and the dimension of organizational injustice were positively correlated with suicide risk(both P<0.05).Five subtypes of workplace bullying were identified including"low bullying type"(52.25%),"moderate bullying type"(9.35%),"high bullying type"(17.02%),"overloaded type"(10.67%),and"mismatch type"(10.71%).In comparison to the"low bullying type",individuals identified as the"moderate bullying type"(OR=6.096),"high bullying type"(OR=5.832),"overloaded type"(OR=3.668)and"mismatch type"(OR=3.391)demonstrated an increased probability of reporting suicide.Conclusion There are diffe-rent categories of workplace bullying experienced by nurses.The correlation between workplace bullying and suicide among nurses underscores the importance for hospital managers to focus on cultivating a supportive work environment for nurses and actively work towards minimizing instances of workplace bullying.