基于三阶段DEA-Malmquist指数模型的“十三五”时期新疆畜牧业经济发展效率特征

Characteristics of the economic development efficiency of animal husbandry in Xinjiang during the 13th Five-Year Plan period based on three-stage DEA-Malmquist index model

为了测算和提高新疆畜牧业经济发展效率,采用三阶段DEA-Malmquist指数模型,对“十三五”时期新疆14个地(州、市)畜牧业经济发展水平进行投入产出效率分析。结果表明,从静态分析来看,只有伊犁州直属县(市)在“十三五”时期的规模报酬不变,呈DEA有效;其他地区由于规模效率或纯技术效率下降导致综合技术效率呈DEA无效,规模大多递增。从动态分析来看,“十三五”时期Malmquist指数小于1.000,表明新疆畜牧业经济效率呈下降趋势,且技术进步的变动是阻碍畜牧业经济效率提升的主要原因。应加强技术管理力度,以新型牧业经营主体为导向,提高优化资源配置效率的能力;加强草原保护建设,推行适度规模。效率水平高的地区应保持畜牧业经济发展优势,进行技术推广;效率水平低的地区需从政策、登记体系、基础配套设施建设、人才、技术等方面加大投入。

In order to measure and improve the efficiency of animal husbandry economic development in Xinjiang,a three-stage DEA-Malmquist index model was used to analyze the input-output efficiency of animal husbandry economic development level in 14 prefectures and cities in Xinjiang during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.The results showed that,from the static analysis,only the counties(cities)directly under Yili Prefecture had unchanged returns to scale during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,showing DEA efficiency.In other areas,because of the decline of scale efficiency or pure technical efficiency,the comprehensive technical efficien-cy was DEA ineffective,and the scale mostly increased.From the dynamic analysis,Malmquist index was less than 1.000 during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,which indicated that the economic efficiency of animal husbandry in Xinjiang was declining,and the change of technological progress was the main reason that hindered the improvement of economic efficiency of animal husbandry.It should strengthen technical management,take the new animal husbandry management subject as the guide,improve the ability to opti-mize the efficiency of resource allocation,strengthen grassland protection and construction,and promote moderate scale.Areas with high efficiency level should maintain the advantages of animal husbandry economic development and carry out technology populariza-tion;areas with low efficiency should increase investment in policies,registration systems,infrastructure construction,talents,tech-nology,etc.