农民创业意愿的影响因素及提升策略

The influencing factors and promotion strategies of farmers’entrepreneurial willingness

基于山东省5个农村创新创业典型县的710份农民问卷数据,运用主成分分析法从农民自身内部因素和周边环境外部因素中提取出11个主成分因素,并进一步借助多元回归实证分析农民创业意愿的核心影响因素。结果表明,提取的11个主成分因素均对农民创业意愿有显著影响,各影响因素的作用关系由强至弱依次为感知行为控制、资金支持、政策支持、失败恐惧、风险规避、感知风险、创业氛围、基础设施、主观规范、亲缘网络和创业态度。其中,失败恐惧、风险规避、感知风险负向影响农民创业意愿。最后,为了提高农民的创业意愿,从技术培训、政策支持、创业氛围、制度保障等方面提出了相应的对策建议。

Based on the questionnaire data of 710 farmers in five typical rural innovation and entrepreneurship counties in Shandong Province,the principal component analysis method was used to extract 11 principal component factors from the internal factors of farm-ers and the external factors of the surrounding environment,and the core influencing factors of farmers’entrepreneurial willingness were further empirically analyzed by using multiple regression.The results showed that all the extraction of 11 main composition factors had significant influence on farmers’entrepreneurial willingness,and the relationship of each influencing factor from strong to weak was as follows:Perceived behavioral control,financial support,policy support,fear of failure,risk avoidance,perceived risk,entre-preneurial atmosphere,infrastructure,subjective norms,kinship networks and entrepreneurial attitude.Among them,fear of failure,risk aversion and perceived risk negatively affected farmers’willingness to start a business.Finally,in order to improve the willing-ness of farmers to start a business,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward from the technical training,policy support,entrepreneurial atmosphere,institutional security and other aspects.