基于SPO模型构建全科医学教学案例库的探索和实践

Exploration and practice of constructing a general practice teaching case library based on SPO model

目的通过介绍方庄社区卫生服务中心在构建全科医生接诊教学案例库的实践经验,为其他基层教学基地实施案例教学提供借鉴和参考。方法基于结构-过程-结果(SPO)模型,从结构、过程、结果3个维度梳理全科医生接诊教学案例库建设实践经验,以LAP为培训内容进行全科医生接诊能力的培训,以KSA为工具,进行接诊案例评价。选取2023年2—11月在方庄社区卫生服务中心培训的8名全科医生进行“一对一”的半结构化访谈,评价案例库使用效果。结果共录制11个全科接诊教学案例视频,覆盖心血管系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、泌尿生殖、内分泌等8个系统,涉及知识、技能、素养等3个方面能力的培养。通过半结构化访谈发现,全科医生学习积极性、知识掌握程度、全科诊疗思维、学习兴趣、团队协作意识明显提高。结论通过基于SPO模型建立的全科医生接诊教学案例库,能够激发全科医生学习的主观能动性,提高全科医生接诊能力,实现由学生向医生的转变,同时有助于推动全科医学学科建设,应重视全科医学教学案例库的建设,以案例教学为“抓手”提高全科医生的接诊能力,进而培养出更多合格的全科医生。

Objective To introduce the practical experience of Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center in constructing a case library of general practitioner reception and teaching,and to provide reference for the implementation of case teaching in other grassroots teaching bases.Methods Based on the SPO(structure-process-outcome)model,the practical experience of the construction of the general practitioner reception teaching case library was sorted out from the three dimensions of structure,process and result,and the training of general practitioners'reception ability was carried out with LAP as the training content,and the case evaluation was carried out with KSA as the tool.Eight general practitioners trained at Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center from February to November 2023 were selected to conduct"one-on-one"semi-structured interviews to evaluate the effectiveness of the case database.Results A total of 11 general practice teaching case videos were recorded,covering 8 systems,including cardiovascular system,respiratory system,digestive system,genitourinary system,and endocrine,involving the cultivation of knowledge,skills,and literacy.Through semi-structured interviews,it was found that the learning enthusiasm,knowledge mastery,general practice diagnosis and treatment thinking,learning interest,and teamwork awareness of general practitioners were significantly improved.Conclusion The general practitioner teaching case database based on the SPO model can stimulate the subjective initiative of general practitioners,improve the ability of general practitioners,realize the transformation from students to doctors,and help to promote the construction of general practice discipline.