2022年某院10969张膏方处方临床使用分析

Analysis of clinical use of 10969 oral paste prescriptions in a hospital in 2022

目的通过对昆山市中医医院2022年全年的膏方(包括四季膏方和冬令进补膏方)数据进行统计与分析,探讨昆山地区吴门医派膏方的组方运用特色以及使用情况和受众人群比例。方法收集2022年1—12月的膏方处方共计10969张,将数据导入Microsoft Office Excel 2022和SPSS 25.0统计学软件中,对处方中性别、年龄、就诊科室、诊断、单张膏方中药味数、不同中药饮片使用频率和用量等信息进行统计分析。结果膏方广泛应用于多个科室,膏方患者中女性数量明显多于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),患者年龄主要集中在30~39岁(41.83%)。妇科、推拿科、治未病科膏方数量排名前3。膏方中使用的中药以补气、活血、补血、补阳、安神药占主体;药性偏温,偏平,甘味药占比较大。结论本院膏方在不同科室、病种、年龄层均能满足患者的需求,具有广泛的临床应用价值。尤其是女性患者对膏方需求量更大。30~39岁人群已经成为使用膏方主体。昆山市中医医院传承的吴门医派膏方用药补攻兼施,以甘味药,补为主,顺应地区人群气虚为主的体质特点而注重扶正益气,调补肝脾,调节气血不足,是以固本补虚,佐以攻邪,非常符合叶天士“甘平补虚”“顾护脾胃”等使用膏方的特点。

Objective By collecting and analyzing the data on the oral pastes(including the oral paste for four seasons and tonifying during winter)of Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the entire year 2022,this study aimed to explore the characteristics,usage,and subject proportion of the oral paste prescriptions from Wu Medical School in the Kunshan area.Methods A total of 10969 oral paste prescriptions were collected from January to December 2022,and the data was imported into Microsoft Office Excel 2022 and SPSS Statistics 25.0.Statistical analysis was conducted on information such as gender,age,visiting department,diagnosis,number of traditional Chinese medicine flavors per oral paste prescription,and frequency and dosage of different decoction-ready medicines in the prescriptions.Results The oral paste prescriptions were widely used in multiple departments,and the number of oral paste prescriptions for female patients was significantly larger than that for male patients,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The ages of patients were mainly concentrated in the range of 30-39 years old(41.83%).The number of oral paste prescriptions in gynecology,massage,and preventive medicine ranked among the top three.The traditional Chinese medicines used in the oral pastes were mainly composed of tonifying qi,activating blood,tonifying blood,tonifying yang,and calming the nerves;The medicinal properties were relatively warm,and neutral in nature,and sweet flavored drugs accounted for a large proportion.Conclusion Our hospital’s oral pastes can meet the needs of patients in different departments,disease types,and age groups,and have broad clinical application value.Especially,female patients have a greater demand for oral pastes.Patients aged 30-39 have become the main users of oral pastes.Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine inherits the oral paste prescriptions from Wu Medical School in the Kunshan area,which combines medication in sweet flavor and tonifying and conforms to the physical characteristics of the local population with qi deficiency as the main focus.The oral paste focuses on strengthening the body,tonifying the liver and spleen,regulating insufficient qi and blood,strengthening the foundation,tonifying the deficiency,and assisting in removing pathogenic factors,which is in line with Ye Tianshi’s descriptions of characteristics of oral pastes such as"sweet flavor,tonic"and"protecting the spleen and stomach".