摘要
目的 基于第八次全国学生体质与健康调研数据,探讨处于青春发育期学生视力不良的流行特征。方法 基于2019年中国学生体质与健康调研报告中10~19岁汉族儿童青少年视力检测数据。以青春期分层,用χ2检验比较城乡、性别各亚组间视力不良检出率的差异,采用χ2线性趋势检验分析青春期与视力不良程度关联性。结果 处于青春发育期汉族学生视力不良检出率为78.72%,其中浙江省、山东省、江苏省居全国前三位,青海省、海南省、贵州省居全国后三位。青春早期、中期和晚期,城市学生视力不良检出率均高于乡村学生,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=330.667、113.020、28.527,P<0.01);青春早期男生视力不良检出率(70.34%)高于女生(67.97%);青春中期女生视力不良检出率(84.12%)高于男生(81.93%);青春晚期女生视力不良检出率(90.33%)高于男生(84.94%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=35.188、44.425、208.840,P<0.01)。随着青春期的发育轻度视力不良构成比逐渐下降,重度视力不良构成比逐渐上升,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4 123.287,P<0.01)。结论 青春发育期学生视力不良检出率较高,青春期不同分期视力不良检出率存在城乡、性别差异,且伴随着青春期发育进程,重度视力不良构成比逐渐上升,提示未来要重点关注青春期早期学生视力。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of poor visual acuity among students at puberty stage based on data from the 8th National Survey on Student Physical Fitness and Health.Methods The visual acuity test data of 136619 Han Chinese children and adolescents aged 10-19 years were extracted from the 2019 Report of the National Survey on Student Physical Fitness and Health.After stratification by puberty stage,the detection rates of poor visual acuity between urban and rural areas and gender subgroups were compared using x test,and the association between puberty and the degree of poor visual acuity using x test for a linear trend.ArcMaplo software was used to map the regional distribution of poor visual acuity.Results The detection rate of poor vision among Han Chinese students at puberty was 78.72%,with the rates in Zhejiang Province,Shandong Province and Jiangsu Province ranking the top three in China,and those in Qinghai Province,Hainan Province and Guizhou Province the bottom three in China.In early,middle and late adolescence,the detection rates of poor visual acuity were all statistically significantly higher among urban students than among rural students(x^(2)=330.667,113.020,28.527,P<0.01).The detection rate of poor visual acuity was higher among boys(70.34%)than among girls(67.97%)in early adolescence,but higher among girls in both middle(84.12%vs.81.93%)and late adolescence(90.33%vs.84.94%),with allthe differences being statistically significant(x^(2)=35.188,44.425,208.840,P<0.01).The correlation between puberty stage and the degree of poor vision was shown as a gradual decrease in the proportion of mild visual impairment and a gradual increase in the proportion of severe visual impairment as puberty progressed(x^(2)=4123.287,P<0.01).
作者
陈一鸣
韩梅
史雪
祝丽玲
CHEN Yiming;HAN Mei;SHI Xue;ZHU Liling(School of Public Health,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154000,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第1期97-101,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
2023年黑龙江省医疗卫生科研课题
佳木斯大学儿童青少年近视防控专项(JMSUSKZX-ZD003)。
关键词
青春期
儿童青少年
视力不良
流行特征
Puberty
Children and adolescents
Poor vision
Epidemiological characteristics