光伏电板对草甸草原植物群落特征及物种多样性的影响

Effects of photovoltaic panels on plant community characteristics and species diversity in meadow steppe

为了探究黑龙江省大庆市大同区国家光伏、储能实证实验平台草甸草原的植物群落特征及物种多样性,并分析光伏电场不同生境(光伏电板间与光伏电板下)对植物群落的影响,采用样方调查法开展植物群落特征调查,对比光伏板下及光伏板间物种组成及重要值、群落数量特征值及群落物种多样性等差异。结果表明,光伏电场中重要值最高的植物种为羊草(Leymus chinensis),其次为星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora)。羊草、星星草、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、盐地碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)、中间型荸荠(Eleocharis intersita)的光伏电板间生境植物群落数量特征值高于板下生境,鹅绒委陵菜(Potentilla anserina)的光伏电板下生境植物群落数量特征值高于光伏电板间生境。板间群落的Shannon指数、Margalef指数、Simpson指数均高于板下植物群落,Shannon指数、Margalef指数、Simpson指数间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),Pielou指数与其他3个指数均呈不显著负相关,Simpson指数与Margalef指数相关系数最高。光伏电板间生境中多数植物群落数量特征值高于光伏电板下,且物种数更多,群落结构更稳定。

To explore the plant community characteristics and species diversity of meadow steppe of the national photovoltaic and energy storage empirical experimental platform in Datong District,Daqing City,Heilongjiang Province,and to examine the influence of different habitats of photovoltaic electric field(between photovoltaic panels and under photovoltaic panels)on plant communities,we conducted a quadrat survey to investigate plant community characteristics.The differences of species composition and importance values,quantitative characteristics of community and species diversity were compared under and between photovoltaic panels.The results showed that species with the highest importance value in the photovoltaic field was Leymus chinensis,followed by Puccinellia tenuiflora.The plant community quantitative characteristic values of L.chinensis,P.tenuiflora,Phragmites australis,Suaeda salsa,and Eleocharis intersita in the habitat between photovoltaic panels were higher than those of under photovoltaic panels,and that of Potentilla anserina under photovoltaic panels was higher than that between photovoltaic panels.Shannon index,Margalef index and Simpson index of the community between photovoltaic panels were higher than those under photovoltaic panels.There was a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)among Shannon index,Margalef index,and Simpson index.Pielou index was nonsignificantly negatively correlated with the other three indices.The correlation coefficient between Simpson index and Margalef index was the highest.The values of most plant community quantitative characteristic were higher in the habitats between the photovoltaic panels than that under the photovoltaic panels,with higher species richness and more stable community structure in the habitats between the photovoltaic panels.