抗菌肽的来源与作用机理及应用

Origin,Mechanism and Application of Antimicrobial Peptides

抗生素在畜禽养殖中的长期使用,导致了耐药菌株的出现,不仅危害畜禽机体健康,而且对人类健康构成威胁。抗菌肽也称宿主防御肽,是由宿主基因编码的具有抗微生物活性的小分子多肽,多呈阳离子性和两亲性,二级结构包括α-螺旋、β-折叠、无规则卷曲等。抗菌肽具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤细胞等作用,同时可提高动物机体免疫力,在替代抗生素方面表现出良好效果。论文综述了抗菌肽的来源,可从天然获得和重组改造获得,并揭示了抗菌肽抗菌、抗病毒,增强机体免疫力的作用机制及在临床中的作用。

The long-term use of antibiotics in livestock breeding has led to the emergence of drug-resistant strains,which not only endangers the health of livestock and poultry,but also poses a threat to human health.Antimicrobial peptides,also known as host defense peptides,are small molecular peptides encoded by host genes with antimicrobial activity.Most of them are cationic and amphiphilic,and their secondary structures includeα-helix,β-fold,and irregular coils.Antimicrobial peptides have antibacterial,antiviral,anti-tumor and other effects,and can improve the immunity of animal body,and show good effect in replacing antibiotics.This paper reviews the sources of antimicrobial peptides,which can be obtained from nature and recombination.It also reveals the mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides,enhancing the immunity of the body,and its role in clinic.