口诀法巧画单轴晶体的双折射光线

The Formula Method Skillfully Draws the Refracted Light of a Uniaxial Birefringent Crystal

基于惠更斯原理作出单轴晶体双折射光线一直是教学中的难点,在教学中,初学的学生往往不能准确完整地画出单轴晶体双折射光线的示意图,原因是该知识点对于初学者来说具有概念多、模型抽象、辅助线多的特点,要正确掌握其画法具有一定难度。文章根据学生在学习中的困难和容易出现的错误,将惠更斯原理波面作图法进行程序化并总结成口诀,按照口诀能够简单方便地画出单轴晶体双折射光线。该方法能够帮助初学者正确画出单轴晶体双折射示意图,帮助准确理解抽象概念、掌握双折射光线的画法,值得初学者和教师在学习和教学中参考。

Making a single axis crystal birefringent light based on Huygens principle has always been a difficult point in teaching.In teaching,novice students often cannot accurately and completely draw a schematic diagram of the single axis crystal birefringent light.The reason is that this knowledge point has the characteristics of multiple concepts,model extraction,and auxiliary lines for beginners,and it is difficult to master its drawing method correctly.The article programs and summarizes the Huygens principle wavefront drawing method into a mnemonic based on the difficulties and errors that students encounter in learning.Following the mnemonic,it is easy and convenient to draw the birefringent light of a uniaxial crystal.This method can help beginners correctly draw a schematic diagram of uniaxial crystal birefringence,help accurately understand abstract concepts,and master the drawing method of birefringent light.It is worth reference for beginners and teachers in learning and teaching.