种子功能性状在道路边坡植物群落形成过程中的作用

Role of Seed Traits in Plant Communities Assembly Process on Roadcut Slope

道路边坡是一种受人为活动持续干扰的人造生境。因受种子可用性和苛刻立地环境的双重限制,道路边坡植被恢复一直是困扰林业管理者的难题。尽管现有边坡恢复工程技术已相对成熟,但恢复的植物群落通常缺乏自然性和可持续性,其重要原因之一在于既有恢复技术通常忽略群落的形成规律及植物性状在群落构建过程中的潜在作用。植物功能性状分析已成为理解植物群落生态学过程和模式的基本工具,但种子功能性状的重要性在很大程度上仍被忽视,尤其是与种子扩散、沉淀、萌发等群落形成过程密切相关的性状。基于此,为更好理解种子功能性状在边坡植物群落形成过程中的作用,本研究立足于道路边坡生物和非生物环境特征及其生态限制,对既有相关研究进行总结,剖析自然条件下影响植物在道路边坡定植的关键因素,并从种子功能性状角度概述植物种子在扩散、沉淀和萌发等早期群落建立过程中适应边坡环境的生态对策,同时阐述种子功能性状在群落恢复预测以及恢复植物筛选等方面的潜力。总体而言,与种子扩散、沉淀和萌发能力相关的种子性状对植物在道路边坡上成功定植至关重要。演替早期,种源短缺和苛刻非生物环境是影响边坡植物群落建立的主要因素。适应边坡环境的植物,通常在种子扩散、沉淀和萌发等方面有特殊的生态策略,以适应道路边坡强地表径流冲刷、干旱、贫瘠的环境。对相关成果进行总结有利于更好从种子性状角度了解道路边坡早期植物群落的形成过程和规律及种子性状在该过程中的作用和潜力,为生态敏感区内道路边坡植被恢复研究与实践提供理论支撑。

Roadcut slopes are artificially created habitats constantly affected by human disturbance.The revegetation of these slopes has long challenged forestry managers due to the dual constraints of seed availability and harsh conditions.Despite advancements in slope revegetation techniques,resulting plant communities often lack naturalness and sustainability.A key reason for this lies in the oversight of current restoration techniques,neglecting the formation patterns and potential roles of plant traits in the community assembly process.Functional trait analysis of plants is now a fundamental tool for understanding ecological processes and patterns in plant communities.However,the significance of seed functional traits,particularly those closely tied to community assembly processes like seed dispersal,deposition,and germination,is frequently underestimated.To enhance our understanding of the role of seed traits in community assembly,this paper reviews existing research based on the biotic and abiotic characteristics of roadside slope environments and their associated ecological constraints.The analysis identifies key factors influencing plant colonization on roadcut slopes under natural conditions from a trait perspective.Additionally,the paper outlines the potential of seed traits in predicting community assembly and selecting suitable restoration plants.In general,seed traits related to dispersal,persistence,and germination play a crucial role in the successful colonization of plants on roadcut slopes.During the early stages of succession,source scarcity and harsh abiotic environments emerge as primary factors influencing the establishment of plant communities on slopes.Plants adapted to slope environments often employ unique ecological strategies in seed dispersal,deposition,and germination to cope with erosive runoff,arid conditions,and infertile environments.Summarizing these findings contributes to a deeper understanding of the assembly processes and patterns of early plant communities on roadcut slopes from the perspective of seed traits.This sheds light on the significant role and potential of seed traits in this process,providing theoretical support for research and practices in the revegetation of roadcut slopes,especially in sensitive areas.